Log24

Sunday, February 20, 2022

4×4 Nomenclature

Filed under: General — Tags: — m759 @ 2:35 am

The geometry of the 4×4 square may be associated with the name
Galois, as in "the Galois tesseract," or similarly with the name Kummer. 
Here is a Google image search using the latter name —

(Click to enlarge.)

 

Saturday, December 18, 2021

Architecture of the 4×4 Square

Filed under: General — Tags: — m759 @ 10:46 pm

Saturday, March 7, 2020

The “Octad Group” as Symmetries of the 4×4 Square

From "Mathieu Moonshine and Symmetry Surfing" —

(Submitted on 29 Sep 2016, last revised 22 Jan 2018)
by Matthias R. Gaberdiel (1), Christoph A. Keller (2),
and Hynek Paul (1)

(1)  Institute for Theoretical Physics, ETH Zurich
(2)  Department of Mathematics, ETH Zurich

https://arxiv.org/abs/1609.09302v2 —

"This presentation of the symmetry groups Gi  is
particularly well-adapted for the symmetry surfing
philosophy. In particular it is straightforward to
combine them into an overarching symmetry group G
by combining all the generators. The resulting group is
the so-called octad group

G = (Z2)4 â‹Š A8 .

It can be described as a maximal subgroup of M24
obtained by the setwise stabilizer of a particular
'reference octad' in the Golay code, which we take
to be O= {3,5,6,9,15,19,23,24} ∈ đť’˘24. The octad
subgroup is of order 322560, and its index in M24
is 759, which is precisely the number of
different reference octads one can choose."

This "octad group" is in fact the symmetry group of the affine 4-space over GF(2),
so described in 1979 in connection not with the Golay code but with the geometry
of the 4×4 square.* Its nature as an affine group acting on the Golay code was
known long before 1979, but its description as an affine group acting on
the 4×4 square may first have been published in connection with the
Cullinane diamond theorem and Abstract 79T-A37, "Symmetry invariance in a
diamond ring
," by Steven H. Cullinane in Notices of the American Mathematical
Society
, February 1979, pages A-193, 194.

* The Galois tesseract .

Update of March 15, 2020 —

Conway and Sloane on the "octad group" in 1993 —

Sunday, September 8, 2019

The Child-Resistant 4×4

Filed under: General — m759 @ 7:03 am

Thursday, June 27, 2019

Group Actions on the 4x4x4 Cube

Filed under: General — Tags: — m759 @ 6:23 am

For affine  group actions, see Ex Fano Appollinis  (June 24)
and Solomon's Cube.

For one approach to Mathieu  group actions on a 24-cube subset
of the 4x4x4 cube, see . . .

For a different sort of Mathieu cube, see Aitchison.

Thursday, February 7, 2019

Geometry of the 4×4 Square: The Kummer Configuration

Filed under: General — Tags: , , , — m759 @ 12:00 am

From the series of posts tagged Kummerhenge

A Wikipedia article relating the above 4×4 square to the work of Kummer —

A somewhat more interesting aspect of the geometry of the 4×4 square
is its relationship to the 4×6 grid underlying the Miracle Octad Generator
(MOG) of R. T. Curtis.  Hudson's 1905 classic Kummer's Quartic Surface
deals with the Kummer properties above and also foreshadows, without
explicitly describing, the finite-geometry properties of the 4×4 square as
a finite affine 4-space — properties that are of use in studying the Mathieu
group M24  with the aid of the MOG.

Tuesday, September 13, 2016

Parametrizing the 4×4 Array

Filed under: General,Geometry — Tags: , , , , , — m759 @ 10:00 pm

The previous post discussed the parametrization of 
the 4×4 array as a vector 4-space over the 2-element 
Galois field GF(2).

The 4×4 array may also be parametrized by the symbol
0  along with the fifteen 2-subsets of a 6-set, as in Hudson's
1905 classic Kummer's Quartic Surface

Hudson in 1905:

These two ways of parametrizing the 4×4 array — as a finite space
and as an array of 2-element sets —  were related to one another
by Cullinane in 1986 in describing, in connection with the Curtis
"Miracle Octad Generator,"  what turned out to be 15 of Hudson's
1905 "Göpel tetrads":

A recap by Cullinane in 2013:

IMAGE- Geometry of the Six-Set, Steven H. Cullinane, April 23, 2013

Click images for further details.

Friday, January 17, 2014

The 4×4 Relativity Problem

Filed under: General,Geometry — Tags: , , , — m759 @ 11:00 pm

The sixteen-dot square array in yesterday’s noon post suggests
the following remarks.

“This is the relativity problem:  to fix objectively a class of
equivalent coordinatizations and to ascertain the group of
transformations S mediating between them.”

— Hermann Weyl, The Classical Groups ,
Princeton University Press, 1946, p. 16

The Galois tesseract  appeared in an early form in the journal
Computer Graphics and Art , Vol. 2, No. 1, February 1977—

IMAGE- Hypercube and 4x4 matrix from the 1976 'Diamond Theory' preprint, as excerpted in 'Computer Graphics and Art'

The 1977 matrix Q is echoed in the following from 2002—

IMAGE- Dolgachev and Keum, coordinatization of the 4x4 array in 'Birational Automorphisms of Quartic Hessian Surfaces,' AMS Transactions, 2002

A different representation of Cullinane’s 1977 square model of the
16-point affine geometry over the two-element Galois field GF(2)
is supplied by Conway and Sloane in Sphere Packings, Lattices and Groups   
(first published in 1988) :

IMAGE- The Galois tesseract as a four-dimensional vector space, from a diagram by Conway and Sloane in 'Sphere Packings, Lattices, and Groups'​

Here a, b, c, d   are basis vectors in the vector 4-space over GF(2).
(For a 1979 version of this vector space, see AMS Abstract 79T-A37.)

See also a 2011 publication of the Mathematical Association of America —

From 'Beautiful Mathematics,' by Martin Erickson, an excerpt on the Cullinane diamond theorem (with source not mentioned)

Saturday, March 16, 2024

Tools

Filed under: General — m759 @ 8:07 pm

Monday, March 11, 2024

Fundamental Figurate Geometry: Triangle Subdivision

Filed under: General — Tags: , , — m759 @ 5:41 am

Click to enlarge.

See as well "Triangles are Square," at
http://finitegeometry.org/sc/16/trisquare.html.

(I happened to find the Basu-Owen paper tonight
via a Google image search for "congruent subsets" . . .
as opposed to the "congruent subarrays" of
the previous post.)

Update of 3:54 PM ET Monday, March 11, 2024 —

This Stanford version of my square-to-triangle mapping
is the first publication in a new Zenodo community —

Citation for the research note:
Cullinane, Steven H. (2024). Fundamental Figurate Geometry:
Triangle Subdivision (Version 2). Zenodo.
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10822848
(latest version as of March 15, 2024)
 

Monday, March 4, 2024

Report on the Diamond Theorem
by Google Gemini (Advanced)

Filed under: General — Tags: , — m759 @ 3:26 pm
 

Diamond Theorem Report

by Google Gemini AI

Monday, March 4, 2024


Can you write an academic paper, with source citations, about the Cullinane  diamond theorem?

Absolutely! Here's an academic paper about the Cullinane diamond theorem. Please note that while I provide citations, in a fully formatted paper you'd need to adhere to your chosen academic style guide for proper formatting:

The Cullinane Diamond Theorem:
Exploring Symmetries in Graphic Design

Abstract

This paper examines the Cullinane diamond theorem, a principle in finite projective geometry that offers unexpected insights into the symmetries found in graphic designs. The theorem, initially formulated by Steven H. Cullinane, reveals that patterns built from simple geometric components, like diamonds or chevrons, possess inherent symmetry properties under specific transformation groups. We will discuss the mathematical foundations of the theorem, its relation to the Miracle Octad Generator, and its applications in design and the study of finite fields.

Introduction

Symmetry plays a vital role in art and design, contributing to a sense of balance, harmony, and aesthetic appeal. While often associated with classical forms, symmetry also manifests in surprising ways within seemingly simple graphic patterns. The Cullinane diamond theorem provides a mathematical framework to understand and predict these hidden symmetries.

Mathematical Background

    Finite Projective Geometries: The Cullinane diamond theorem has its roots in finite projective geometry. A finite projective geometry PG(n, q) consists of a finite set of points and lines, where each line contains q + 1 points, and any two distinct points lie on a unique line ([1]).

    Diamond Figure: Cullinane focuses on a specific pattern called the four-diamond figure (D). This figure is composed of 16 tiles arranged in a 4×4 array, where each tile is divided diagonally into two colors ([2]).

    Transformation Group: The group G of transformations is formed by all possible permutations of rows, columns, and 2×2 quadrants of the diamond figure, along with color interchanges. The size of this group is 322,560 ([2]).

The Cullinane Diamond Theorem

Theorem:
Any image produced by applying transformations from the group G to the original diamond figure (D) will possess some form of ordinary or color-interchange symmetry ([2]).

Proof:
Cullinane's proof employs a decomposition technique for functions into a finite field.  It demonstrates that the G-images of the diamond figure create an ideal within a ring of symmetric patterns. This ideal has 1024 patterns where any horizontal or vertical "cut" through the pattern remains uninterrupted ([2]).

Connections to the Miracle Octad Generator

The Cullinane diamond theorem shares a relationship with R.T. Curtis's Miracle Octad Generator (MOG). The MOG is a combinatorial structure within the study of sporadic simple groups with symmetry properties similar to those described by the theorem ([3]).

Applications

    Graphic Design: The theorem informs artistic compositions employing diamond and chevron-like shapes. Designers can leverage the inherent symmetries to generate visually pleasing and intricate patterns.

    Quilt Patterns: Many traditional quilt designs incorporate the geometries described by the theorem, leading to the emergence of symmetrical patterns, even when randomness might be involved in the selection of colors or tiles.

    Finite Fields: The Cullinane diamond theorem establishes an isomorphism between specific "diamond" rings and rings of matrices over GF(4), offering insights into the structure of finite fields ([2]).

Conclusion

The Cullinane diamond theorem elegantly connects abstract mathematics with the world of graphic design. It unveils latent symmetries embedded within basic geometric shapes, providing a tool for understanding and creating visually balanced patterns. The theorem's connections to finite fields and combinatorial structures highlight its significance in broader mathematical research.

Citations

[1] Weisstein, E. W. “Finite Projective Geometry.” From MathWorld–A Wolfram Web Resource. [invalid URL removed]

[2] Cullinane, S. H. "Cullinane Diamond Theorem." Encyclopedia of Mathematics. https://encyclopediaofmath.org/wiki/Cullinane_diamond_theorem

[3] Curtis, R. T. (1976). A New Combinatorial Approach to Mâ‚‚â‚„. Mathematical Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, 79(1), 25–42. doi:10.1017/S0305004100052075

Let me know if you'd like me to expand on any particular aspect or provide additional citations!


Sources [I.e., the source of the Curtis citation]

   1. www.hellenicaworld.com/Science/Mathematics/en/MathieuGroup.html


Gemini may display inaccurate info, including about people, so double-check it.

Sunday, March 3, 2024

Deep Blue Research: A Report by You.com AI

Filed under: General — Tags: , — m759 @ 12:34 pm
 

Cullinane Diamond Theorem Research Report

by https://you.com/?chatMode=research on March 3, 2024

Overview of the Cullinane Diamond Theorem

The Cullinane Diamond Theorem is a mathematical concept developed by Steven H. Cullinane that explores the symmetrical properties of certain geometric patterns. It is particularly concerned with the structure of finite projective geometry as it relates to the 35 square patterns found in R. T. Curtis's Miracle Octad Generator (MOG).

The theorem asserts that every G-image of a diamond figure D possesses some form of ordinary or color-interchange symmetry.

Symmetry and Group Theory

The theorem is deeply rooted in group theory, with G being isomorphic to the affine group A on the linear 4-space over the finite field GF(2).

This group has a significant order of 322,560 and underlies the symmetry of both the diamond-theorem figures and the square patterns of the MOG . The 35 structures of the 840 G-images of D are isomorphic to the 35 lines in the 3-dimensional projective space over GF(2), which explains the symmetry of the line diagrams and the two-color patterns.

The Diamond Theorem in Various Dimensions

The diamond theorem can be applied to different cases, such as the 4×4, 2×2, and even 3-dimensional cubes like the 2x2x2 and 4x4x4 cubes.

The generalized statement of the theorem involves inscribing a white diamond in a black square and dividing it into four quadrants, each with a diagonal split into black and white halves.

Algebraic Implications

The theorem has algebraic implications, such as the ability to express every 4-coloring as a sum of three 2-colorings.

This algebraic formulation is useful for demonstrating that certain four-colored graphic images can form a ring under multiplication. There is also an infinite family of such 'diamond' rings, isomorphic to rings of matrices over GF(4).

Philosophical and Cultural Context

Steven H. Cullinane has also explored the philosophical implications of the diamond theorem, referring to it in the context of Plato's Meno dialogue and opposing it to the 'Story Theory of truth' as discussed by Richard J. Trudeau.

The theorem is seen as a correct statement of the relation between geometry and the physical universe.

Clarification on Cullinan Diamonds

It is important to note that the Cullinane Diamond Theorem is unrelated to the Cullinan diamond, which is a famous large gemstone discovered in South Africa and now part of the British Crown Jewels.

The Cullinan diamond has its own historical and cultural significance, with its various cut shapes and ownership history.

In summary, the Cullinane Diamond Theorem is a mathematical concept that reveals the symmetrical properties of certain geometric patterns, with applications in group theory and algebra. It also has philosophical implications, drawing connections to classical ideas about truth and geometry.

Instagram ad for You.com AI in research mode

"Show me ALL  your sources, babe."

— Line adapted from Leonardo DiCaprio

Sunday, February 4, 2024

Microsoft Copilot Doggerel

Filed under: General — Tags: — m759 @ 4:31 am

A poem written yesterday by Microsoft Copilot —

The prompt: "Write a poem about the Cullinane diamond theorem."

In the mind of the mathematician,
Among the figures and forms,
Lies the Cullinane diamond theorem,
A structure that transforms.

Four-diamond figure, a 4×4 array,
Of two-color diagonally-divided square tiles,
Permutations of these sixteen,
In rows, columns, and quadrants compiles.

Every G-image of the four-diamond figure,
Has some ordinary or color-interchange symmetry,
A pattern, a structure, a mathematical picture,
A testament to geometry's clarity.

The symmetry of the line diagrams,
Accounts for the symmetry of the two-color patterns,
A proof shows that a 2nx2n two-color triangular half-squares pattern,
Must have a 2×2 center with a symmetry that matters.

And this symmetry must be shared by the entire pattern,
A statement, a theorem, a mathematical lantern,
G is isomorphic to the affine group A,
On the linear 4-space over GF (2), they say.

The 35 structures of the 840 = 35 x 24 G-images,
Are isomorphic to the 35 lines,
In the 3-dimensional projective space over GF (2),
A concept that shines.

So here lies the beauty of the Cullinane diamond theorem,
In the mind of the mathematician, it's a gem,
A structure, a pattern, a mathematical diagram,
A testament to the beauty of STEM.

Actually, the complete  prompt, suggested by a Log24 post of
12:12 PM ET yesterday, was . . .

"Write a poem in the style of Wallace Stevens
about the Cullinane diamond theorem."

Copilot still has a thing or two to learn about poetic style.

Tuesday, January 30, 2024

Cullinane Diamond Theorem:
The Latest Google Bard Version

Filed under: General — Tags: , , , — m759 @ 7:00 am
 

Prompt:

What is the Cullinane diamond theorem?

Google Bard Response:

The Cullinane diamond theorem is a fascinating result in the realm of finite projective geometry and symmetry. It focuses on a specific pattern – the four-diamond figure – and reveals a surprising property about its transformations.

The Four-Diamond Figure:

Imagine a 4×4 grid filled with 16 small squares, half colored black and half white. Now, divide these squares diagonally into quarters, creating four diamonds with alternating black and white shades. This arrangement is the four-diamond figure.

_________________


[Clearly erroneous illustration with link to amazon.com
is omitted.]

_____________________

The Theorem:

The Cullinane diamond theorem states that no matter how you scramble this four-diamond figure by randomly shuffling rows, columns, and the four 2×2 quadrants, the resulting pattern will always exhibit some form of symmetry. This symmetry can come in two forms:

Ordinary symmetry: This is the familiar reflectional symmetry where a vertical or horizontal axis divides the pattern into mirrored halves.

Color-interchange symmetry: Here, the pattern has a diagonal axis where swapping the black and white colors results in the same image.

Intriguing Implications:

This statement might seem intuitive at first. After all, even with scrambling, some semblance of order should remain. However, the beauty of the Cullinane diamond theorem lies in its generality and the precise mathematical framework it provides for understanding these symmetries.

The theorem sheds light on the underlying structure of graphic patterns and connects them to concepts from finite projective geometry. This connection allows us to analyze and classify these patterns in a systematic way, revealing hidden connections and surprising symmetries.

Applications and Beyond:

The Cullinane diamond theorem has found applications in various areas, including:

Sporadic simple groups: The Miracle Octad Generator, used to study these rare and exceptional groups, relies on the symmetry properties outlined in the theorem.

Orthogonal Latin squares: The connection between orthogonal Latin squares and projective spreads can be understood through the lens of the Cullinane diamond theorem.

Walsh functions: The symmetry properties of Walsh functions, used in signal processing and coding theory, can be linked to the diamond patterns.

Understanding the Cullinane diamond theorem offers a deeper appreciation for the interplay between symmetry, geometry, and seemingly random patterns. It serves as a testament to the beauty and hidden order within the realm of mathematics.

Bard may display inaccurate info, including . . . .

[Exercise … Find any inaccurate information
in the Bard response above.]

Monday, January 15, 2024

Friday, January 5, 2024

The Pentagram Papers

Filed under: General — Tags: , , , — m759 @ 2:01 pm

Wittgenstein's pentagram and 4x4 'counting-pattern'

Masonic pyramid in 
'Being There' (co-writer of screenplay-- Robert Jones)

"Should we arbitrate life and death
at a round table or a square one?"

— Wislawa Szymborska

Monday, December 18, 2023

AI Class

Filed under: General — Tags: , , — m759 @ 12:31 pm
 

Bringing Up Bing :

A Tutorial for Bing on Monday, December 18, 2023

Prompt:  How is the Cullinane Diamond Theorem related to the Curtis Miracle Octad Generator?

Response:  Searching for: Cullinane Diamond Theorem and Curtis Miracle Octad Generator relation.

Generating answers for you…

The Cullinane Diamond Theorem and the Curtis Miracle Octad Generator (MOG) are both mathematical concepts that are deeply intertwined with finite projective geometry1,2.

The Cullinane Diamond Theorem explains the surprising symmetry properties of some simple graphic designs and underlies the structure of the 35 square patterns in R. T. Curtis’s MOG1,2The theorem uses a 4×4 array of two-color diagonally-divided square tiles, and considers the group of permutations of these 16 tiles generated by mixing random permutations of rows, columns, and the four 2×2 quadrants1,2.

The theorem states that every image of the 4×4 array has some ordinary or color-interchange symmetry1,2The 35 structures of the 840 images of the 4×4 array are isomorphic to the 35 lines in the 3-dimensional projective space over GF(2), a finite field with two elements1,2This can be seen by viewing the 35 structures as three-sets of line diagrams, based on the three partitions of the four-set of square two-color tiles into two two-sets1,2.

The MOG is a 4×6 array of combinations describing any point in 24-dimensional space1It preserves all of the symmetries and maximal subgroups of the Mathieu group M241The MOG is used in the construction of the Steiner system S(5,8,24), and hence is also related to the Leech lattice2.

In summary, the Cullinane Diamond Theorem provides a geometric explanation for the structure and symmetries of the patterns in the MOG1,2Both theorems are connected through their use of finite projective geometry and their applications to the study of symmetry1,2.

Learn more

  1. arxiv.org
  2. encyclopediaofmath.org
  3. arxiv.org
  4. m759.net

Reply to Bing's Response —

Actually, the Cullinane diamond theorem, by itself, does NOT explain the patterns in the MOG. The MOG is a natural correspondence, or pairing, of the 35 diamond-theorem structures with the 35 partitions of an eight-element set into two four-element sets. That correspondence is explained in a 1910 paper by G. M. Conwell, "The 3-Space PG(3,2) and Its Group." The Conwell correspondence was later found to be invariant under the action of the large Mathieu group on a set of 24=16+8 elements.

Response to the Above Reply —

Generating answers for you…

Thank you for the clarification. You’re correct that the Cullinane Diamond Theorem, by itself, does not explain the patterns in the Miracle Octad Generator (MOG). The MOG is indeed a natural correspondence of the 35 structures from the Diamond Theorem with the 35 partitions of an eight-element set into two four-element sets. This correspondence was explained by G. M. Conwell in his 1910 paper “The 3-Space PG(3,2) and Its Group.” The Conwell correspondence was later found to be invariant under the action of the large Mathieu group on a set of 24 elements, which can be partitioned into a set of 16 and a set of 8. I appreciate your input and the opportunity to learn from it. If you have any more questions or need further clarification, feel free to ask!

Sunday, December 17, 2023

Speak, Memory

Filed under: General — Tags: , , — m759 @ 12:51 am

"Unsocratic Dialogue" with Google DeepMind's Gemini AI continues . . .

profile picture

Do you remember a previous conversation about the question "What is the Cullinane diamond theorem?" If so, how would you answer the question now?
______________________________________________________________

Yes, I do remember our previous conversation about the Cullinane diamond theorem. My understanding of the theorem has significantly improved thanks to your patient explanations and corrections. Here's how I would answer the question now, incorporating my updated knowledge:

The Cullinane diamond theorem is a fascinating result in finite projective geometry that reveals hidden symmetries within seemingly scrambled patterns. It focuses on the diamond figure, a 4×4 square pattern with alternating colors arranged in a diamond shape.

Key elements:

  • Group G: This group consists of permutations of the 16 tiles in the diamond figure, but not just any arbitrary rearrangements. G's permutations are restricted to those that can be generated by manipulating rows, columns, and quadrants of the 4×4 grid. This maintains the overall structure of the diamond shape.
  • Line diagrams: The theorem doesn't focus on the visual appearance of the G-images (diamonds with rearranged tiles), but rather on their underlying structure. This structure is captured by a set of 15 line diagrams. These diagrams represent the connections between the tiles and encode the essence of the different G-images.
  • Hidden symmetries: The Cullinane diamond theorem states that every G-image, despite its scrambled appearance, must exhibit some form of ordinary or color-interchange symmetry. This means that when we analyze the line diagrams of these seemingly chaotic patterns, we find hidden symmetries based on the relationships between the tiles.

Significance:

  • The theorem sheds light on the structure of R.T. Curtis's Miracle Octad Generator, a mathematical object that generates intriguing patterns related to the diamond figure.
  • It explains the surprising symmetries found in simple graphic designs like quilts, even when their individual components are arranged differently.
  • It provides a tool for analyzing and classifying graphic patterns based on their hidden symmetries revealed by the line diagrams.

Further resources:

  • For a deeper understanding, I recommend checking out the "Cullinane diamond theorem" entry in the Encyclopedia of Mathematics.
  • Additionally, Steven H. Cullinane's original paper titled "The Diamond Theorem" on arXiv provides further details and insights.

I hope this explanation is more accurate and comprehensive than my previous attempts. Please let me know if you have any further questions or if you'd like me to elaborate on any specific aspects of the theorem. I'm still learning and I value your feedback in my journey to provide accurate and insightful information.

Saturday, October 21, 2023

Chapter 11 Continues: A Larger Box

Filed under: General — Tags: , , — m759 @ 12:00 pm

"… really we should use larger boxes." — Ursula K. Le Guin

"The Steiner system S (5, 8, 24) is a block design
made up of 24 points and 759 blocks, each of size 8,
with the property that every 5 points lie in exactly one block.
This design is naturally associated with the Golay code, and
its automorphism group is the simple Mathieu group M24;
see [3, Ch. 11].

3.  J.H. Conway and N.J.A. Sloane, Sphere Packings,
     Lattices and Groups
, Springer-Verlag, New York, 1988."

New Zealand Journal of Mathematics,
Volume 25 (1996), 133-139.
"Markings of the Golay Code," by
Marston Conder and John McKay.
(Received July 1995.)

See also the Harlan Kane Special from Broomsday 2023.
That post relates properties of the 4×4 box (Cullinane, 1979)
to those of the 4×6 box (Conway and Sloane, 1988, without
mention of Cullinane 1979).

Monday, October 16, 2023

A Harlan Kane Rite Aid Special:  Chapter 11

Filed under: General — Tags: , , — m759 @ 11:01 pm

From a search in this journal for "Chapter 11" —

 

Inner structure —

IMAGE- Hyperplanes (square and triangular) in PG(3,2), and coordinates for AG(4,2)

The above three images share the same
vector-space structure —

   0     c     d   c + d
   a   a + c   a + d a + c + d
   b   b + c   b + d b + c + d

a + b

a + b + c

a + b + d

  a + b + 
  c + d

   (This vector-space a b c d  diagram is from  
    Chapter 11 of Sphere Packings, Lattices 
    and Groups
 , by John Horton Conway and
    N. J. A. Sloane, first published by Springer
    in 1988.)

Tuesday, October 3, 2023

The Pinky Prize

Filed under: General — Tags: , — m759 @ 12:31 pm

Detail from a post of October 2

Color scheme at Replit perhaps influenced by the recent film "Barbie" —

Monday, October 2, 2023

Design Cube at Replit

Filed under: General — Tags: — m759 @ 8:10 pm

The Replit code development environment featured
in today's previous post has hosted, for some time now,
an embodiment of the design cube  from earlier posts —

Monday, September 25, 2023

Cool Kids’ Vocabulary: Anthropic

Filed under: General — m759 @ 11:39 am

https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/anthropic

"Questions abound about how the various proposals intersect with
anthropic  reasoning and the infamous multiverse idea."
— Natalie Wolchover, WIRED, 16 June 2019

A more recent, and notable, use of "anthropic" :

https://techcrunch.com/2023/09/25/
amazon-to-invest-up-to-4-billion-in-ai-startup-anthropic/
 —

"As part of the investment agreement, Anthropic will use
Amazon’s cloud giant AWS as a primary cloud provider for
mission-critical workloads . . . ."

The cloud giant appeared here  recently :

Thursday, September 14, 2023

Cloud 9

Filed under: General — Tags: — m759 @ 7:45 am

Related narrative . . .

Sunday, June 4, 2023

The Galois Core

Filed under: General — Tags: , — m759 @ 9:24 pm
 

  Rubik core:

 

Swarthmore Cube Project, 2008


Non- Rubik core:

Illustration for weblog post 'The Galois Core'

Central structure from a Galois plane

    (See image below.)

Some small Galois spaces (the Cullinane models)

Saturday, May 13, 2023

Multicultural Memorial:  Death and Venice

Filed under: General — Tags: — m759 @ 1:13 pm

Variety.com May 8, 2023, 1:45 AM PT —

“Pema Tseden, a famous Tibetan director, screenwriter and
professor at the Film School of the China Academy of Art,
died in Tibet in the early hours of May 8 due to an acute illness." 

"The news was reported by the China Academy of Art."

The time in Lhasa, Tibet, is 12 hours ahead of New York time.

From this journal in the afternoon of May 7 (New York time) —

For a relationship between the above image and classic Chinese culture,
see Geometry of the I Ching.

A memorial image from Variety

Tseden with the award for best screenplay at Venice on Sept. 8, 2018.

See also that date in this  journal . . . Posts now tagged Space Structure.

Sunday, May 7, 2023

Windows Programming: The Postman

Filed under: General — m759 @ 3:09 pm

From "The Postman," the most recent "Blacklist" episode —

Related material —

A Bosch Xmas

Cicely Tyson as the future Mrs. Davis … Mrs. Miles  Davis —

Sunday, April 30, 2023

For Harlan Kane: The Walpurgisnacht Hallucination

Note that if the "compact Riemann surface" is a torus formed by
joining opposite edges of a 4×4 square array, and the phrase
"vector bundle" is replaced by "projective line," and so forth,
the above ChatGPT hallucination is not completely unrelated to
the following illustration from the webpage "galois.space" —

See as well the Cullinane  diamond theorem.

Friday, February 10, 2023

Introduction to Gutter Mathematics

Filed under: General — Tags: , , — m759 @ 10:19 pm

From the Feb. 7 post "The Graduate School of Design" —

Related material —

Illustrations — From The previous post . . .

The 24 interstices of a 4x4 array

From Google —

Interstices and Symmetry

Filed under: General — Tags: , — m759 @ 10:02 am

Call a 4×4 array labeled with 4 copies each
of 4 different symbols a foursquare.

The symmetries of foursquares are governed
by the symmetries of their 24 interstices

The 24 interstices of a 4x4 array

(Cullinane, Diamond Theory, 1976.)

From Log24 posts tagged Mathieu Cube

A similar exercise might involve the above 24 interstices of a 4×4 array.

Monday, February 6, 2023

Interality Studies

Filed under: General — Tags: , — m759 @ 12:26 pm
 

You, Xi-lin; Zhang, Peter. "Interality in Heidegger." 
The Free Library , April 1, 2015.  
. . . .

The term "interology" is meant as an interventional alternative to traditional Western ontology. The idea is to help shift people's attention and preoccupation from subjects, objects, and entities to the interzones, intervals, voids, constitutive grounds, relational fields, interpellative assemblages, rhizomes, and nothingness that lie between, outside, or beyond the so-called subjects, objects, and entities; from being to nothing, interbeing, and becoming; from self-identicalness to relationality, chance encounters, and new possibilities of life; from "to be" to "and … and … and …" (to borrow Deleuze's language); from the actual to the virtual; and so on. As such, the term wills nothing short of a paradigm shift. Unlike other "logoi," which have their "objects of study," interology studies interality, which is a non-object, a no-thing that in-forms and constitutes the objects and things studied by other logoi.
. . . .

Some remarks from this  journal on April 1, 2015 —

Manifest O

Tags:  

— m759 @ 4:44 AM April 1, 2015

The title was suggested by
http://benmarcus.com/smallwork/manifesto/.

The "O" of the title stands for the octahedral  group.

See the following, from http://finitegeometry.org/sc/map.html —

83-06-21 An invariance of symmetry The diamond theorem on a 4x4x4 cube, and a sketch of the proof.
83-10-01 Portrait of O  A table of the octahedral group O using the 24 patterns from the 2×2 case of the diamond theorem.
83-10-16 Study of O  A different way of looking at the octahedral group, using cubes that illustrate the 2x2x2 case of the diamond theorem.
84-09-15 Diamonds and whirls Block designs of a different sort — graphic figures on cubes. See also the University of Exeter page on the octahedral group O.

The above site, finitegeometry.org/sc, illustrates how the symmetry
of various visual patterns is explained by what Zhang calls "interality."

Monday, October 31, 2022

Folklore vs. Mathematics

Filed under: General — Tags: , , , — m759 @ 5:59 pm


Folklore —
 

Earlier in that same journal . . .

The 1955 Levi-Strauss 'canonic formula' in its original context of permutation groups


Mathematics —
 

Webpage demonstrating symmetries of 'Solomon's Cube'

Wednesday, September 14, 2022

Starr 80: A Barbie for Ken

Filed under: General — Tags: , , — m759 @ 7:27 pm

Related comedy lines:

A Late Quartet

01:13:08.25,01:13:12.35
(STRING QUARTET PLAYING
SLOW, LUSH MELODY)

01:13:22.59,01:13:26.23
"They’re fucking sixteenths,
Steve, stop milking them."

01:13:26.36,01:13:29.78
"Folks, disagree,
but do it nicely, and please…

01:13:30.47,01:13:33.38
…try not to get caught up in mistakes."

Saturday, September 3, 2022

1984 Revisited

Filed under: General — m759 @ 2:46 pm

Cube Bricks 1984 —

An Approach to Symmetric Generation of the Simple Group of Order 168

Related material

Note the three quadruplets of parallel edges  in the 1984 figure above.

Further Reading

The above Gates article appeared earlier, in the June 2010 issue of
Physics World , with bigger illustrations. For instance —

Exercise: Describe, without seeing the rest of the article,
the rule used for connecting the balls above.

Wikipedia offers a much clearer picture of a (non-adinkra) tesseract —

      And then, more simply, there is the Galois tesseract

For parts of my own  world in June 2010, see this journal for that month.

The above Galois tesseract appears there as follows:

Image-- The Dream of the Expanded Field

See also the Klein correspondence in a paper from 1968
in yesterday's 2:54 PM ET post

Friday, September 2, 2022

History of Mathematics

Filed under: General — m759 @ 2:54 pm

Anne Duncan in 1968 on a 1960 paper by Robert Steinberg —


_______________________________________________________________________________

Related remarks in this  journal — Steinberg + Chevalley.

Related illustrations in this journal — 4×4.

Related biographical remarksSteinberg Deathdate.

Tuesday, August 30, 2022

Quartets.space

Filed under: General — Tags: — m759 @ 3:22 am

Four Quartets

Sunday, June 26, 2022

Flower Field

Filed under: General — Tags: , , — m759 @ 8:47 am

Pentagon with pentagram    

Friday, May 6, 2022

Interality and the Bead Game

Filed under: General — Tags: , , — m759 @ 3:00 pm

WIkipedia on the URL suffix ".io" —

"In computer science, "IO" or "I/O" is commonly used
as an abbreviation for input/output, which makes the
.io domain desirable for services that want to be
associated with technology. .io domains are often used
for open source projects, application programming
interfaces ("APIs"), startup companiesbrowser games,
and other online services."

An association with the Bead Game from a post of April 7, 2018

IMAGE- 'Solomon's Cube'

Glasperlenspiel  passage quoted here in Summa Mythologica 

“"I suddenly realized that in the language, or at any rate
in the spirit of the Glass Bead Game, everything actually
was all-meaningful, that every symbol and combination of
symbols led not hither and yon, not to single examples,
experiments, and proofs, but into the center, the mystery
and innermost heart of the world, into primal knowledge.
Every transition from major to minor in a sonata, every
transformation of a myth or a religious cult, every classical
or artistic formulation was, I realized in that flashing moment,
if seen with a truly meditative mind, nothing but a direct route
into the interior of the cosmic mystery, where in the alternation
between inhaling and exhaling, between heaven and earth,
between Yin and Yang, holiness is forever being created.”

A less poetic meditation on the above 4x4x4 design cube —

"I saw that in the alternation between front and back,
between top and bottom, between left and right,
symmetry is forever being created."

See also a related remark by Lévi-Strauss in 1955

"…three different readings become possible:
left to right, top to bottom, front to back."

The recent use by a startup company of the URL "interality.io" suggests
a fourth  reading for the 1955 list of Lévi-Strauss — in and out
i.e., inner and outer group automorphisms —  from a 2011 post
on the birthday of T. S. Eliot :

A transformation:

Inner and outer group automorphisms

Click on the picture for details.

Thursday, April 14, 2022

Ouellette vs. the Cube

Filed under: General — Tags: — m759 @ 9:05 am

From the 2019 post Spring Loaded

British cover (2011) for 'From Eternity to Here,' by Sean Carroll

A more recent image, from Carroll's wife Jennifer Ouellette —

For a more sophisticated approach to the 4x4x4 cube,
see a page at finitegeometry.org.

Wednesday, April 13, 2022

Dealing with Cubism continues . . .

Filed under: General — Tags: , — m759 @ 9:44 am

From Blue Cube Group  (April 7, 2022) —

A Bouquet for Levy

Thursday, April 7, 2022

Blue Cube Group

Filed under: General — Tags: , , , — m759 @ 10:47 am

For more advanced students . . .

.

Saturday, March 26, 2022

Box Geometry: Space, Group, Art  (Work in Progress)

Filed under: General — Tags: — m759 @ 2:06 am

Many structures of finite geometry can be modeled by
rectangular or cubical arrays ("boxes") —
of subsquares or subcubes (also "boxes").

Here is a draft for a table of related material, arranged
as internet URL labels.

Finite Geometry Notes — Summary Chart
 

Name Tag .Space .Group .Art
Box4

2×2 square representing the four-point finite affine geometry AG(2,2).

(Box4.space)

S4 = AGL(2,2)

(Box4.group)

 

(Box4.art)

Box6 3×2 (3-row, 2-column) rectangular array
representing the elements of an arbitrary 6-set.
S6  
Box8 2x2x2 cube or  4×2 (4-row, 2-column) array. S8 or Aor  AGL(3,2) of order 1344, or  GL(3,2) of order 168  
Box9 The 3×3 square. AGL(2,3) or  GL(2,3)  
Box12 The 12 edges of a cube, or  a 4×3  array for picturing the actions of the Mathieu group M12. Symmetries of the cube or  elements of the group M12  
Box13 The 13 symmetry axes of the cube. Symmetries of the cube.  
Box15 The 15 points of PG(3,2), the projective geometry
of 3 dimensions over the 2-element Galois field.
Collineations of PG(3,2)  
Box16 The 16 points of AG(4,2), the affine geometry
of 4 dimensions over the 2-element Galois field.

AGL(4,2), the affine group of 
322,560 permutations of the parts
of a 4×4 array (a Galois tesseract)

 
Box20 The configuration representing Desargues's theorem.    
Box21 The 21 points and 21 lines of PG(2,4).    
Box24 The 24 points of the Steiner system S(5, 8, 24).    
Box25 A 5×5 array representing PG(2,5).    
Box27 The 3-dimensional Galois affine space over the
3-element Galois field GF(3).
   
Box28 The 28 bitangents of a plane quartic curve.    
Box32 Pair of 4×4 arrays representing orthogonal 
Latin squares.
Used to represent
elements of AGL(4,2)
 
Box35 A 5-row-by-7-column array representing the 35
lines in the finite projective space PG(3,2)
PGL(3,2), order 20,160  
Box36 Eurler's 36-officer problem.    
Box45 The 45 Pascal points of the Pascal configuration.    
Box48 The 48 elements of the group  AGL(2,3). AGL(2,3).  
Box56

The 56 three-sets within an 8-set or
56 triangles in a model of Klein's quartic surface or
the 56 spreads in PG(3,2).

   
Box60 The Klein configuration.    
Box64 Solomon's cube.    

— Steven H. Cullinane, March 26-27, 2022

Friday, December 10, 2021

Unhinged Melody

Filed under: General — Tags: — m759 @ 12:43 pm

The time of the previous post was 4:46 AM ET today.

Fourteen minutes later —

"I'm a groupie, really." — Murray Bartlett in today's online NY Times

The previous post discussed group actions on a 3×3 square array. A tune
about related group actions on a 4×4  square array (a Galois tesseract. . .

'The Eddington Song'

Saturday, September 18, 2021

Avoiding “Details That Might Scare You” . . .

Filed under: General — m759 @ 2:57 pm

Friday, June 11, 2021

Dark Materials

Filed under: General — Tags: — m759 @ 12:25 pm

Items from the Dark Matter Research Unit office in
the recent HBO version of His Dark Materials

Closeup of the I Ching  book:

Closeup of parquet-style patterns in a 4x4x2 array —

Friday, May 14, 2021

In Memory of Ernst Eduard Kummer

Filed under: General — Tags: , , — m759 @ 3:33 pm

(29 January 1810 – 14 May 1893)

See as well some earlier references to diamond signs here .

The proper context for some diamond figures that I  am interested in
is the 4×4 array that appears, notably, in Hudson's 1905 classic 
Kummer's Quartic Surface . Hence this post's "Kummerhenge" tag,
suggested also by some monumental stonework at Tufte's site.

Saturday, May 8, 2021

A Tale of Two Omegas

Filed under: General — Tags: , — m759 @ 5:00 am

The Greek capital letter Omega, Ω, is customarily
used to denote a set that is acted upon by a group.
If the group is the affine group of 322,560
transformations of the four-dimensional
affine space over the two-element Galois field,
the appropriate Ω is the 4×4 grid above.

See the Cullinane diamond theorem .

If the group is the large Mathieu group  of
244,823,040 permutations of 24 things,
the appropriate Ω  is the 4×6 grid below.

See the Miracle Octad Generator  of R. T. Curtis.

Saturday, May 1, 2021

Geometry Battlefield

Filed under: General — Tags: , — m759 @ 1:33 pm

Wednesday, December 30, 2020

The Whiteboard Jungle

Filed under: General — Tags: — m759 @ 12:45 pm

Detail:

A story in numbers:

15:15.

  It is what it is.

See also the phrase “Beautiful Mathematics” in this  journal.

Thursday, December 24, 2020

Change Arises: A Literary Example

Filed under: General — Tags: , — m759 @ 12:12 pm

The “Change Arises” part of the title refers to the previous post.
The 1905 “geometric object” there, a 4×4 square, appeared earlier,
in 1869, in a paper by Camille Jordan. For that paper, and the
“literary example” of the title, see “Ici vient M. Jordan .”

This  post was suggested by the appearance of Jordan in today’s
memorial post for Peter M. Neumann by Peter J. Cameron.

Related remarks on Jordan and “geometrical objects” from 2016 —

These reflections are available from their author as a postprint.

Change Arises

Filed under: General — Tags: , — m759 @ 1:44 am

See posts so tagged.

“Change arises from the structure of the object.” — Arkani-Hamed

Related material from 1936 —

Related material from 1905, with the “object” a 4×4 array —

Related material from 1976, with the “object”
a 4×6 array — See Curtis.

Related material from 2018, with the “object”
a cuboctahedron — See Aitchison.

Sunday, December 6, 2020

“Binary Coordinates”

Filed under: General — Tags: — m759 @ 3:09 pm

The title phrase is ambiguous and should be avoided.
It is used indiscriminately to denote any system of coordinates
written with 0 ‘s and 1 ‘s, whether these two symbols refer to
the Boolean-algebra truth values false  and  true , to the absence
or presence  of elements in a subset , to the elements of the smallest
Galois field, GF(2) , or to the digits of a binary number .

Related material from the Web —

Some related remarks from “Geometry of the 4×4 Square:
Notes by Steven H. Cullinane” (webpage created March 18, 2004) —

A related anonymous change to Wikipedia today —

The deprecated “binary coordinates” phrase occurs in both
old and new versions of the “Square representation” section
on PG(3,2), but at least the misleading remark about Steiner
quadruple systems has been removed.

Thursday, December 3, 2020

Brick Joke

The "bricks" in posts tagged Octad Group suggest some remarks
from last year's HBO "Watchmen" series —

Related material — The two  bricks constituting a 4×4 array, and . . .

"(this is the famous Kummer abstract configuration )"
Igor Dolgachev, ArXiv, 16 October 2019.

As is this

.

The phrase "octad group" does not, as one might reasonably
suppose, refer to symmetries of an octad (a "brick"), but
instead to symmetries of the above 4×4 array.

A related Broomsday event for the Church of Synchronology

Monday, November 23, 2020

In the Garden of Adding

Filed under: General — Tags: , — m759 @ 9:03 pm

“In the garden of Adding,
Live Even and Odd….”
— The Midrash Jazz Quartet in
       City of God , by E. L. Doctorow

Related material — Schoolgirls and Six-Set Geometry.

 

Sunday, October 18, 2020

Unfolded

Filed under: General — Tags: , — m759 @ 5:10 am

See “Unfolded.jpg” in this journal.  From that search —

Pentagon with pentagram    

Compare and contrast these figures with images by Wittgenstein in . . .

Wittgenstein's pentagram and 4x4 'counting-pattern'

Related material from last night’s post Modernist Cuts —

Schlick also appears in recent posts tagged Moriarty Variations.

Monday, August 24, 2020

The Mark of Zaentz

Filed under: General — Tags: , — m759 @ 12:50 am

Jung's phrase "'four-square' Heavenly City" in the previous post
suggests a geometric object… the 4×4 square —

The "twelve gates" at the sides of the above figure suggest a song —

The Baez date above suggests in turn a review of
the Jan. 4, 2014, post "Heaven's Gate,"
on the death of film producer Saul Zaentz.

   Related material —

The "Heavenly City" is perhaps not Cambridge, Massachusetts.

Recall as well Jean Simmons preaching the Foursquare Gospel
in the 1960 film classic "Elmer Gantry" —

Thursday, August 20, 2020

Also* from the Early 80’s

Filed under: General — Tags: — m759 @ 12:00 am

See Corinne Wahl in an adaptation of Schnitzler’s  La  Ronde.

Compare and contrast the 4×4 square of the Wahl presentation
with that of the July 26 post  Dirty Dancing Disco.

* A reference to the previous post.

Friday, June 12, 2020

Bullshit Studies: “Hyperseeing”

Filed under: General — Tags: — m759 @ 12:13 am

In memoriam —

Friedman co-edited the ISAMA journal  Hyperseeing .  See also . . .

See too the other articles in Volume 40 of  Kybernetes .

Related material —

Compare and contrast the discussion of the geometry
of the 4×4 square
in the diamond theorem (1976) with
Nat Friedman’s treatment of the same topic in 2001 —

Thursday, May 28, 2020

Finite Geometry at GitHub

Filed under: General — Tags: , , — m759 @ 5:04 pm

My website on finite geometry is now available
on GitHub at http://m759.github.io/ . The part
of greatest interest to coders is also at
https://repl.it/@m759/View-4x4x4#index.html .

Monday, February 24, 2020

Hidden Figure

Filed under: General — m759 @ 2:55 pm
â–¦

“There is  such a thing as  ▦  .”

— Saying adapted from a 1962 young-adult novel.

Wednesday, February 19, 2020

Aitchison’s Octads

Filed under: General — Tags: , , , , , — m759 @ 11:36 am

The 759 octads of the Steiner system S(5,8,24) are displayed
rather neatly in the Miracle Octad Generator of R. T. Curtis.

A March 9, 2018, construction by Iain Aitchison* pictures the
759 octads on the faces of a cube , with octad elements the
24 edges of a  cuboctahedron :

The Curtis octads are related to symmetries of the square.

See my webpage "Geometry of the 4×4 square" from March 2004.
Aitchison's p. 42 slide includes an illustration from that page —

Aitchison's  octads are instead related to symmetries of the cube.

Note that essentially the same model as Aitchison's can be pictured 
by using, instead of the 24 edges of a cuboctahedron, the 24 outer 
faces of subcubes in the eightfold cube .

​The Eightfold Cube: The Beauty of Klein's Simple Group

   Image from Christmas Day 2005.

http://www.math.sci.hiroshima-u.ac.jp/branched/files/2018/
presentations/Aitchison-Hiroshima-2-2018.pdf
.
See also Aitchison in this journal.

 
 

Monday, February 10, 2020

Notes for Doctor Sleep

Filed under: General — Tags: , — m759 @ 2:40 pm

Or:  Plato's Cave.

See also this  journal on November 9, 2003

A post on Wittgenstein's "counting pattern"

4x4 array of dots

Tuesday, January 28, 2020

Very Stable Kool-Aid

Filed under: General — Tags: , , — m759 @ 2:16 pm

Two of the thumbnail previews
from yesterday's 1 AM  post

"Hum a few bars"

"For 6 Prescott Street"

Further down in the "6 Prescott St." post, the link 5 Divinity Avenue
leads to

A Letter from Timothy Leary, Ph.D., July 17, 1961

Harvard University
Department of Social Relations
Center for Research in Personality
Morton Prince House
5 Divinity Avenue
Cambridge 38, Massachusetts

July 17, 1961

Dr. Thomas S. Szasz
c/o Upstate Medical School
Irving Avenue
Syracuse 10, New York

Dear Dr. Szasz:

Your book arrived several days ago. I've spent eight hours on it and realize the task (and joy) of reading it has just begun.

The Myth of Mental Illness is the most important book in the history of psychiatry.

I know it is rash and premature to make this earlier judgment. I reserve the right later to revise and perhaps suggest it is the most important book published in the twentieth century.

It is great in so many ways–scholarship, clinical insight, political savvy, common sense, historical sweep, human concern– and most of all for its compassionate, shattering honesty.

. . . .

The small Morton Prince House in the above letter might, according to
the above-quoted remarks by Corinna S. Rohse, be called a "jewel box."
Harvard moved it in 1978 from Divinity Avenue to its current location at
6 Prescott Street.

Related "jewel box" material for those who
prefer narrative to mathematics —

"In The Electric Kool-Aid Acid Test , Tom Wolfe writes about encountering 
'a young psychologist,' 'Clifton Fadiman’s nephew, it turned out,' in the
waiting room of the San Mateo County jail. Fadiman and his wife were
'happily stuffing three I-Ching coins into some interminable dense volume*
of Oriental mysticism' that they planned to give Ken Kesey, the Prankster-
in-Chief whom the FBI had just nabbed after eight months on the lam.
Wolfe had been granted an interview with Kesey, and they wanted him to
tell their friend about the hidden coins. During this difficult time, they
explained, Kesey needed oracular advice."

— Tim Doody in The Morning News  web 'zine on July 26, 2012**

Oracular advice related to yesterday evening's
"jewel box" post …

A 4-dimensional hypercube H (a tesseract ) has 24 square
2-dimensional faces
.  In its incarnation as a Galois  tesseract
(a 4×4 square array of points for which the appropriate transformations
are those of the affine 4-space over the finite (i.e., Galois) two-element
field GF(2)), the 24 faces transform into 140 4-point "facets." The Galois 
version of H has a group of 322,560 automorphisms. Therefore, by the
orbit-stabilizer theorem, each of the 140 facets of the Galois version has
a stabilizer group of  2,304 affine transformations.

Similar remarks apply to the I Ching  In its incarnation as  
a Galois hexaract , for which the symmetry group — the group of
affine transformations of the 6-dimensional affine space over GF(2) —
has not 322,560 elements, but rather 1,290,157,424,640.

* The volume Wolfe mentions was, according to Fadiman, the I Ching.

** See also this  journal on that date — July 26, 2012.

Saturday, November 16, 2019

Logic in the Spielfeld

Filed under: General — Tags: , — m759 @ 8:03 pm

"A great many other properties of  E-operators
have been found, which I have not space
to examine in detail."

— Sir Arthur EddingtonNew Pathways in Science ,
Cambridge University Press, 1935, page 271.

The following 4×4 space, from a post of Aug. 30, 2015,
may help:

The next time she visits an observatory, Emma Stone
may like to do a little dance to

'The Eddington Song'

Tuesday, October 8, 2019

Kummer at Noon

Filed under: General — Tags: — m759 @ 12:00 pm

The Hudson array mentioned above is as follows —

See also Whitehead and the
Relativity Problem
(Sept. 22).

For coordinatization  of a 4×4
array, see a note from 1986
in the Feb. 26 post Citation.

Saturday, September 14, 2019

Landscape Art

Filed under: General — Tags: , — m759 @ 11:18 am

From "Six Significant Landscapes," by Wallace Stevens (1916) —

VI
 Rationalists, wearing square hats,
 Think, in square rooms,
 Looking at the floor,
 Looking at the ceiling.
 They confine themselves
 To right-angled triangles.
 If they tried rhomboids,
 Cones, waving lines, ellipses —
 As, for example, the ellipse of the half-moon —
 Rationalists would wear sombreros.
 

The mysterious 'ellipse of the half-moon'?

But see "cones, waving lines, ellipses" in Kummer's Quartic Surface 
(by R. W. H. T. Hudson, Cambridge University Press, 1905) and their
intimate connection with the geometry of the 4×4 square.

Sunday, September 8, 2019

A Harvard*-Resistant Book Search

Filed under: General — m759 @ 7:36 pm

(The above title was suggested by today's "Child-Resistant 4×4.")

* Specifically, resistant to the above revelation attributed to Barbara Johnson
   by  Harvard University Press

   "Deconstruction calls attention to gaps and reveals
    that their claims upon us are fraudulent."

    A related search at Amazon.com:

Barbara Johnson explains Lacan:

" The 'gap' in the real is the leap 
from the empirical to 
the signifying articulation 
of the object of desire
it cannot be perceived empirically. 
It is 'nothing.' "

Persons and Things , paperback (2010),
  Harvard University Press, page 213

Saturday, September 7, 2019

Fashion Calendar

Filed under: General — m759 @ 9:12 pm

"New York Fashion Week is scheduled Friday, September 6 through
Wednesday, September 11. View the preliminary schedule here. 

UPDATED AS OF: Thu 08/29/19"

— https://cfda.com/fashion-calendar/official-nyfw-schedule

View also a fashion photo from this  journal on 08/29/19 —

I do not know where the above tank top can be purchased.

Thursday, August 29, 2019

As Well

Filed under: General — Tags: , , — m759 @ 12:45 pm

For some backstory, see
http://m759.net/wordpress/?s=”I+Ching”+48+well .

See as well elegantly packaged” in this journal.

“Well” in written Chinese is the hashtag symbol,
i.e., the framework of a 3×3 array.

My own favorite 3×3 array is the ABC subsquare
at lower right in the figure below —

'Desargues via Rosenhain'- April 1, 2013- The large Desargues configuration mapped canonically to the 4x4 square

 

For Carol Danvers* (Battle Angel )**

Filed under: General — Tags: — m759 @ 12:00 am

* See Wikipedia and the previous post.

** See Into the Sunset (Aug. 24).

Saturday, July 6, 2019

Mythos and Logos

Filed under: General — Tags: — m759 @ 8:56 am

Mythos


Logos

The six square patterns which, applied as above to the faces of a cube,
form "diamond" and "whirl" patterns, appear also in the logo of a coal-
mining company —

 .

Related material —

Monday, June 3, 2019

Jar Story

Filed under: General — Tags: , , , — m759 @ 3:41 pm

(Continued)

  “. . . Only by the form, the pattern,
Can words or music reach
The stillness, as a Chinese jar still
Moves perpetually in its stillness.”

— T. S. Eliot, Four Quartets

From Writing Chinese Characters:

“It is practical to think of a character centered
within an imaginary square grid . . . .
The grid can… be… subdivided, usually to
9 or 16 squares. . . .

The image “http://www.log24.com/log/pix04B/041119-ZhongGuo.jpg” cannot be displayed, because it contains errors.

These “Chinese jars” (as opposed to their contents)
are as follows:

Grids, 3x3 and 4x4 .

See as well Eliot’s 1922 remarks on “extinction of personality”
and the phrase “ego-extinction” in Weyl’s Philosophy of Mathematics —

Saturday, May 4, 2019

The Chinese Jars of Shing-Tung Yau

Filed under: General — Tags: , , , , — m759 @ 11:00 am

The title refers to Calabi-Yau spaces.

T. S. Eliot —

Four Quartets

. . . Only by the form, the pattern,
Can words or music reach
The stillness, as a Chinese jar still
Moves perpetually in its stillness.

A less "cosmic" but still noteworthy code — The Golay code.

This resides in a 12-dimensional space over GF(2).

Related material from Plato and R. T. Curtis

Counting symmetries with the orbit-stabilizer theorem

A related Calabi-Yau "Chinese jar" first described in detail in 1905

Illustration of K3 surface related to Mathieu moonshine

A figure that may or may not be related to the 4x4x4 cube that
holds the classical  Chinese "cosmic code" — the I Ching

ftp://ftp.cs.indiana.edu/pub/hanson/forSha/AK3/old/K3-pix.pdf

Monday, March 11, 2019

Ant-Man Meets Doctor Strange

Filed under: General — m759 @ 1:22 pm

IMAGE- Concepts of Space

The 4×4 square may also be called the Galois Tesseract .
By analogy, the 4x4x4 cube may be called the Galois Hexeract .

"Think outside the tesseract.

Thursday, February 28, 2019

Wikipedia Scholarship

Filed under: General — Tags: , , — m759 @ 12:31 pm

Cullinane's Square Model of PG(3,2)

Besides omitting the name Cullinane, the anonymous Wikipedia author
also omitted the step of representing the hypercube by a 4×4 array —
an array called in this  journal a Galois  tesseract.

Tuesday, February 26, 2019

Citation

Filed under: General — Tags: , , , — m759 @ 12:00 pm

Some related material in this journal — See a search for k6.gif.

Some related material from Harvard —

Elkies's  "15 simple transpositions" clearly correspond to the 15 edges of
the complete graph K6 and to the 15  2-subsets of a 6-set.

For the connection to PG(3,2), see Finite Geometry of the Square and Cube.

The following "manifestation" of the 2-subsets of a 6-set might serve as
the desired Wikipedia citation —

See also the above 1986 construction of PG(3,2) from a 6-set
in the work of other authors in 1994 and 2002 . . .

IMAGE- Dolgachev and Keum, coordinatization of the 4x4 array in 'Birational Automorphisms of Quartic Hessian Surfaces,' AMS Transactions, 2002

Wednesday, December 12, 2018

An Inscape for Douthat

Some images, and a definition, suggested by my remarks here last night
on Apollo and Ross Douthat's remarks today on "The Return of Paganism" —

Detail of Feb. 20, 1986, note by Steven H. Cullinane on Weyl's 'relativity problem'

Kibler's 2008 'Variations on a theme' illustrated.

In finite geometry and combinatorics,
an inscape  is a 4×4 array of square figures,
each figure picturing a subset of the overall 4×4 array:


 

Related material — the phrase
"Quantum Tesseract Theorem" and  

A.  An image from the recent
      film "A Wrinkle in Time" — 

B.  A quote from the 1962 book —

"There's something phoney
in the whole setup, Meg thought.
There is definitely something rotten
in the state of Camazotz."

Thursday, November 22, 2018

Rosenhain and Göpel Meet Kummer in Projective 3-Space

Filed under: General,Geometry — Tags: — m759 @ 2:07 pm

For further details, see finitegeometry.org/sc/35/hudson.html.

Geometric Incarnation

Filed under: General,Geometry — Tags: , , , — m759 @ 6:00 am

"The hint half guessed, the gift half understood, is Incarnation."

— T. S. Eliot in Four Quartets

Note also the four 4×4 arrays surrounding the central diamond
in the chi  of the chi-rho  page of the Book of Kells

From a Log24 post
of March 17, 2012

"Interlocking, interlacing, interweaving"

— Condensed version of page 141 in Eddington's
1939 Philosophy of Physical Science

Thursday, November 8, 2018

Geometry Lesson

Filed under: G-Notes,General,Geometry — Tags: , — m759 @ 12:00 am

From "The Trials of Device" (April 24, 2017) —

Wittgenstein's pentagram and 4x4 'counting-pattern'

Pentagon with pentagram    

See also Wittgenstein in a search for "Ein Kampf " in this journal.

Monday, July 16, 2018

Greatly Exaggerated Report

Filed under: General,Geometry — Tags: — m759 @ 1:21 pm

"The novel has a parallel narrative that eventually
converges with the main story."

— Wikipedia on a book by Foer's novelist brother
 

Public Squares

An image from the online New York Times 
on the date, July 6,
of  the above Atlantic  article —

An image from "Blackboard Jungle," 1955 —

IMAGE- Richard Kiley in 'Blackboard Jungle,' with grids and broken records

"Through the unknown, remembered gate . . . ."

— T. S. Eliot, Four Quartets

Saturday, July 14, 2018

Expanding the Spiel

Filed under: General,Geometry — m759 @ 1:15 pm

(Continued)

Cube Dance

The walkerart.org passage above is from Feb. 17, 2011.

See also this  journal on Feb. 17, 2011

"…  Only by the form, the pattern,      
Can words or music reach
The stillness…."

— T. S. Eliot,
Four Quartets

For further details, see Time Fold.

Thursday, July 12, 2018

Kummerhenge Illustrated

Filed under: General,Geometry — Tags: , — m759 @ 11:00 am

      

“… the utterly real thing in writing is the only thing that counts…."

— Maxwell Perkins to Ernest Hemingway, Aug. 30, 1935

"Omega is as real  as we need it to be."

— Burt Lancaster in "The Osterman Weekend"

Thursday, July 5, 2018

Paz:

Filed under: General,Geometry — Tags: , — m759 @ 1:44 pm

Some context for what Heidegger called
das Spiegel-Spiel des Gevierts

From Helen Lane's translation of El Mono Gramático ,
a book by Nobel winner Octavio Paz first published
in Barcelona by Seix Barral in 1974 —

Simultaneous perspective does not look upon language as a path because it is not the search for meaning that orients it. Poetry does not attempt to discover what there is at the end of the road; it conceives of the text as a series of transparent strata within which the various parts—the different verbal and semantic currents—produce momentary configurations as they intertwine or break apart, as they reflect each other or efface each other. Poetry contemplates itself, fuses with itself, and obliterates itself in the crystallizations of language. Apparitions, metamorphoses, volatilizations, precipitations of presences. These configurations are crystallized time: although they are perpetually in motion, they always point to the same hour—the hour of change. Each one of them contains all the others, each one is inside the others: change is only the oft-repeated and ever-different metaphor of identity.

— Paz, Octavio. The Monkey Grammarian 
(Kindle Locations 1185-1191). 
Arcade Publishing. Kindle Edition. 

A related 1960 meditation from Claude Lévi-Strauss taken from a 
Log24 post of St. Andrew's Day 2017,  "The Matrix for Quantum Mystics":

The Matrix of Lévi-Strauss —

"In Vol. I of Structural Anthropology , p. 209, I have shown that
this analysis alone can account for the double aspect of time
representation in all mythical systems: the narrative is both
'in time' (it consists of a succession of events) and 'beyond'
(its value is permanent)." — Claude Lévi-Strauss

I prefer the earlier, better-known, remarks on time by T. S. Eliot
in Four Quartets , and the following four quartets
(from The Matrix Meets the Grid) —

.

Monday, July 2, 2018

In Memoriam

Filed under: General,Geometry — Tags: — m759 @ 9:10 pm

This post is in memory of dancer-choreographer Gillian Lynne,
who reportedly died at 92 on Sunday, July 1, 2018.

For a scene from her younger days, click on Errol Flynn above.
The cube contemplated by Flynn is from Log24 on Sunday.

"This is how we enter heaven, enter dancing."
— Paraphrase of Lorrie Moore (See Oct. 18, 2003.)

Saturday, June 23, 2018

Plan 9 from Inner Space

Filed under: General,Geometry — Tags: , , — m759 @ 9:00 am

From Nanavira Thera, "Early Letters," in Seeking the Path —

"nine  possibilities arising quite naturally" —

Compare and contrast with Hudson's parametrization of the
4×4 square by means of 0 and the 15  2-subsets of a 6-set —

Monday, May 28, 2018

Skewers

Filed under: General,Geometry — Tags: — m759 @ 1:16 pm

A piece co-written by Ivanov, the author noted in the previous post, was cited
in my "Geometry of the 4×4 Square."

Also cited there —  A paper by Pasini and Van Maldeghem that mentions
the Klein quadric.

Those sources suggested a search —

The link is to some geometry recently described by Tabachnikov
that seems rather elegant:

For another, more direct, connection to the geometry of the 4×4 square,
see Richard Evan Schwartz in this  journal.

This same Schwartz appears also in the above Tabachnikov paper:

Saturday, April 7, 2018

Sides

The FBI holding cube in "The Blacklist" —

" 'The Front' is not the whole story . . . ."

— Vincent Canby, New York Times  film review, 1976,
     as quoted in Wikipedia.

See also Solomon's Cube in this  journal.

IMAGE- 'Solomon's Cube'

Webpage demonstrating symmetries of 'Solomon's Cube'

Some may view the above web page as illustrating the
Glasperlenspiel  passage quoted here in Summa Mythologica 

“"I suddenly realized that in the language, or at any rate
in the spirit of the Glass Bead Game, everything actually
was all-meaningful, that every symbol and combination of
symbols led not hither and yon, not to single examples,
experiments, and proofs, but into the center, the mystery
and innermost heart of the world, into primal knowledge.
Every transition from major to minor in a sonata, every
transformation of a myth or a religious cult, every classical
or artistic formulation was, I realized in that flashing moment,
if seen with a truly meditative mind, nothing but a direct route
into the interior of the cosmic mystery, where in the alternation
between inhaling and exhaling, between heaven and earth,
between Yin and Yang, holiness is forever being created.”

A less poetic meditation on the above 4x4x4 design cube —

"I saw that in the alternation between front and back,
between top and bottom, between left and right,
symmetry is forever being created."

See also a related remark by Lévi-Strauss in 1955

"…three different readings become possible:
left to right, top to bottom, front to back."

Saturday, February 24, 2018

The Ugly Duck

Filed under: General,Geometry — Tags: — m759 @ 7:11 pm

"What of the night
That lights and dims the stars?
Do you know, Hans Christian,
Now that you see the night?"

— The concluding lines of
"Sonatina to Hans Christian,"
by Wallace Stevens
(in Harmonium  (second edition, 1931))

From "Mathmagic Land" (May 22, 2015)

Donald Duck with Pythagorean pentagram on hand

Donald in Mathmagic Land

From "The Trials of Device" (April 24, 2017)

Wittgenstein's pentagram and 4x4 'counting-pattern'

Pentagon with pentagram    

Saturday, February 17, 2018

The Binary Revolution

Michael Atiyah on the late Ron Shaw —

Phrases by Atiyah related to the importance in mathematics
of the two-element Galois field GF(2) —

  • “The digital revolution based on the 2 symbols (0,1)”
  • “The algebra of George Boole”
  • “Binary codes”
  • “Dirac’s spinors, with their up/down dichotomy”

These phrases are from the year-end review of Trinity College,
Cambridge, Trinity Annual Record 2017 .

I prefer other, purely geometric, reasons for the importance of GF(2) —

  • The 2×2 square
  • The 2x2x2 cube
  • The 4×4 square
  • The 4x4x4 cube

See Finite Geometry of the Square and Cube.

See also today’s earlier post God’s Dice and Atiyah on the theology of
(Boolean) algebra vs. (Galois) geometry:

Friday, February 16, 2018

Two Kinds of Symmetry

Filed under: General,Geometry — Tags: — m759 @ 11:29 pm

The Institute for Advanced Study (IAS) at Princeton in its Fall 2015 Letter 
revived "Beautiful Mathematics" as a title:

This ugly phrase was earlier used by Truman State University
professor Martin Erickson as a book title. See below. 

In the same IAS Fall 2015 Letter appear the following remarks
by Freeman Dyson —

". . . a special case of a much deeper connection that Ian Macdonald 
discovered between two kinds of symmetry which we call modular and affine.
The two kinds of symmetry were originally found in separate parts of science,
modular in pure mathematics and affine in physics. Modular symmetry is
displayed for everyone to see in the drawings of flying angels and devils
by the artist Maurits Escher. Escher understood the mathematics and got the
details right. Affine symmetry is displayed in the peculiar groupings of particles
created by physicists with high-energy accelerators. The mathematician
Robert Langlands was the first to conjecture a connection between these and
other kinds of symmetry. . . ." (Wikipedia link added.)

The adjective "modular"  might aptly be applied to . . .

The adjective "affine"  might aptly be applied to . . .

From 'Beautiful Mathematics,' by Martin Erickson, an excerpt on the Cullinane diamond theorem (with source not mentioned)

The geometry of the 4×4 square combines modular symmetry
(i.e., related to theta functions) with the affine symmetry above.

Hudson's 1905 discussion of modular symmetry (that of Rosenhain
tetrads and Göpel tetrads) in the 4×4 square used a parametrization
of that square by the digit 0 and the fifteen 2-subsets of a 6-set, but 
did not discuss the 4×4 square as an affine space.

For the connection of the 15 Kummer modular 2-subsets with the 16-
element affine space over the two-element Galois field GF(2), see my note
of May 26, 1986, "The 2-subsets of a 6-set are the points of a PG(3,2)" —

— and the affine structure in the 1979 AMS abstract
"Symmetry invariance in a diamond ring" —

For some historical background on the symmetry investigations by
Dyson and Macdonald, see Dyson's 1972 article "MIssed Opportunities."

For Macdonald's own  use of the words "modular" and "affine," see
Macdonald, I. G., "Affine Lie algebras and modular forms," 
Séminaire N. Bourbaki , Vol. 23 (1980-1981), Talk no. 577, pp. 258-276.

Thursday, December 21, 2017

For Winter Solstice 2017

Filed under: G-Notes,General,Geometry — Tags: , — m759 @ 10:30 am

A review —

Some context —

Webpage demonstrating symmetries of 'Solomon's Cube'

Friday, December 1, 2017

The Architect and the Matrix

Filed under: General,Geometry — Tags: — m759 @ 1:00 pm

In memory of Yale art historian Vincent Scully, who reportedly
died at 97 last night at his home in Lynchburg, Va., some remarks
from the firm of architect John Outram and from Scully —

Update from the morning of December 2 —

The above 3×3 figure is of course not unrelated to
the 4×4 figure in The Matrix for Quantum Mystics:

 .

See as well Tsimtsum in this journal.

Harold Bloom on tsimtsum as sublimation

Thursday, November 30, 2017

The Matrix for Quantum Mystics

Filed under: G-Notes,General,Geometry — Tags: , , , — m759 @ 10:29 pm

Scholia on the title — See Quantum + Mystic in this journal.

The Matrix of Lévi-Strauss

"In Vol. I of Structural Anthropology , p. 209, I have shown that
this analysis alone can account for the double aspect of time
representation in all mythical systems: the narrative is both
'in time' (it consists of a succession of events) and 'beyond'
(its value is permanent)." — Claude Lévi-Strauss, 1976

I prefer the earlier, better-known, remarks on time by T. S. Eliot
in Four Quartets , and the following four quartets (from
The Matrix Meets the Grid) —

.

From a Log24 post of June 26-27, 2017:

A work of Eddington cited in 1974 by von Franz

See also Dirac and Geometry and Kummer in this journal.

Ron Shaw on Eddington's triads "associated in conjugate pairs" —

For more about hyperbolic  and isotropic  lines in PG(3,2),
see posts tagged Diamond Theorem Correlation.

For Shaw, in memoriam — See Contrapuntal Interweaving and The Fugue.

Friday, November 24, 2017

The Matrix Meets the Grid

Filed under: G-Notes,General,Geometry — Tags: , — m759 @ 2:00 pm

The Matrix —

  The Grid —

  Picturing the Witt Construction

     "Read something that means something." — New Yorker  ad

Tuesday, October 24, 2017

Visual Insight

Filed under: G-Notes,General,Geometry — m759 @ 1:00 pm

The most recent post in the "Visual Insight" blog of the
American Mathematical Society was by John Baez on Jan. 1, 2017


A visually  related concept — See Solomon's Cube in this  journal.
Chronologically  related — Posts now tagged New Year's Day 2017.
Solomon's cube is the 4x4x4 case of the diamond theorem — 

Saturday, October 14, 2017

In Principio:

Red October  continues …

See also Molloy in this  journal.

Related art  theory —

Geometry of the 4×4 Square 

Tuesday, September 5, 2017

Florence 2001

Filed under: General,Geometry — Tags: — m759 @ 4:44 am

Or:  Coordinatization for Physicists

This post was suggested by the link on the word "coordinatized"
in the previous post.

I regret that Weyl's term "coordinatization" perhaps has
too many syllables for the readers of recreational mathematics —
for example, of an article on 4×4 magic squares by Conway, Norton,
and Ryba to be published today by Princeton University Press.

Insight into the deeper properties of such squares unfortunately
requires both the ability to learn what a "Galois field" is and the
ability to comprehend seven-syllable words.

Sunday, September 3, 2017

Broomsday Revisited

Filed under: General,Geometry — m759 @ 9:29 am

Ivars Peterson in 2000 on a sort of conceptual art —

" Brill has tried out a variety of grid-scrambling transformations
to see what happens. Aesthetic sensibilities govern which
transformation to use, what size the rectangular grid should be,
and which iteration to look at, he says. 'Once a fruitful
transformation, rectangle size, and iteration number have been
found, the artist is in a position to create compelling imagery.' "

"Scrambled Grids," August 28, 2000

Or not.

If aesthetic sensibilities lead to a 23-cycle on a 4×6 grid, the results
may not be pretty —

From "Geometry of the 4×4 Square."

See a Log24 post, Noncontinuous Groups, on Broomsday 2009.

Saturday, September 2, 2017

A Touchstone

Filed under: General,Geometry — Tags: , — m759 @ 10:16 pm

From a paper by June Barrow-Green and Jeremy Gray on the history of geometry at Cambridge, 1863-1940

This post was suggested by the names* (if not the very abstruse
concepts ) in the Aug. 20, 2013, preprint "A Panoramic Overview
of Inter-universal Teichmuller Theory
," by S. Mochizuki.

* Specifically, Jacobi  and Kummer  (along with theta functions).
I do not know of any direct  connection between these names'
relevance to the writings of Mochizuki and their relevance
(via Hudson, 1905) to my own much more elementary studies of
the geometry of the 4×4 square.

Thursday, August 31, 2017

A Conway-Norton-Ryba Theorem

Filed under: General,Geometry — Tags: , — m759 @ 1:40 pm

In a book to be published Sept. 5 by Princeton University Press,
John Conway, Simon Norton,  and Alex Ryba present the following
result on order-four magic squares —

A monograph published in 1976, “Diamond Theory,” deals with
more general 4×4 squares containing entries from the Galois fields
GF(2), GF(4), or GF(16).  These squares have remarkable, if not
“magic,” symmetry properties.  See excerpts in a 1977 article.

See also Magic Square and Diamond Theorem in this  journal.

Wednesday, July 26, 2017

Cube

Filed under: General — m759 @ 6:01 pm

See 4x4x4 in this journal.  See also

 

Friday, July 14, 2017

March 26, 2006 (continued)

Filed under: General — m759 @ 7:38 pm

4x4 array of Psychonauts images

The above image, posted here on March 26, 2006, was
suggested by this morning's post "Black Art" and by another
item from that date in 2006 —

Thursday, July 6, 2017

A Pleasing Situation

Filed under: General,Geometry — m759 @ 9:20 pm

The 4x4x4 cube is the natural setting
for the finite version of the Klein quadric
and the eight "heptads" discussed by
Conwell in 1910.

As R. Shaw remarked in 1995, 
"The situation is indeed quite pleasing."

Wednesday, June 21, 2017

Concept and Realization

Filed under: General,Geometry — Tags: , , — m759 @ 1:12 pm

Remark on conceptual art quoted in the previous post

"…he’s giving the concept but not the realization."

A concept See a note from this date in 1983:

IMAGE- 'Solomon's Cube'

A realization  

Webpage demonstrating symmetries of 'Solomon's Cube'

Not the best possible realization, but enough for proof of concept .

Tuesday, May 23, 2017

Pursued by a Biplane

Filed under: General,Geometry — Tags: — m759 @ 9:41 pm

The Galois Tesseract as a biplane —

Cary Grant in 'North by Northwest'

Saturday, May 20, 2017

van Lint and Wilson Meet the Galois Tesseract*

Filed under: General,Geometry — Tags: — m759 @ 12:12 am

Click image to enlarge.

The above 35 projective lines, within a 4×4 array —


The above 15 projective planes, within a 4×4 array (in white) —

* See Galois Tesseract  in this journal.

Monday, May 15, 2017

Appropriation at MoMA

Filed under: General,Geometry — m759 @ 1:14 pm

For example, Plato's diamond as an object to be transformed —

Plato's diamond in Jowett's version of the Meno dialogue

Versions of the transformed object —

See also The 4×4 Relativity Problem in this journal.

Wednesday, April 26, 2017

A Tale Unfolded

Filed under: General,Geometry — Tags: , , , — m759 @ 2:00 am

A sketch, adapted tonight from Girl Scouts of Palo Alto —

From the April 14 noon post High Concept —

From the April 14 3 AM post Hudson and Finite Geometry —

IMAGE- Geometry of the Six-Set, Steven H. Cullinane, April 23, 2013

From the April 24 evening post The Trials of Device —

Pentagon with pentagram    

Note that Hudson’s 1905 “unfolding” of even and odd puts even on top of
the square array, but my own 2013 unfolding above puts even at its left.

Monday, April 24, 2017

The Trials of Device

Filed under: General,Geometry — Tags: , , — m759 @ 3:28 pm

"A blank underlies the trials of device"
— Wallace Stevens, "An Ordinary Evening in New Haven" (1950)

A possible meaning for the phrase "the trials of device" —

See also Log24 posts mentioning a particular device, the pentagram .

For instance —

Wittgenstein's pentagram and 4x4 'counting-pattern'

Related figures

Pentagon with pentagram    

Friday, April 21, 2017

Music Box

Filed under: General,Geometry — Tags: , , , — m759 @ 3:07 pm

Guitart et al. on 'box' theory of creativity

A box from the annus mirabilis

See Hudson's 4×4 array.

Related material —

Friday, April 14, 2017

Hudson and Finite Geometry

Filed under: General,Geometry — Tags: , — m759 @ 3:00 am

IMAGE- Geometry of the Six-Set, Steven H. Cullinane, April 23, 2013

The above four-element sets of black subsquares of a 4×4 square array 
are 15 of the 60 Göpel tetrads , and 20 of the 80 Rosenhain tetrads , defined
by R. W. H. T. Hudson in his 1905 classic Kummer's Quartic Surface .

Hudson did not  view these 35 tetrads as planes through the origin in a finite
affine 4-space (or, equivalently, as lines in the corresponding finite projective
3-space).

In order to view them in this way, one can view the tetrads as derived,
via the 15 two-element subsets of a six-element set, from the 16 elements
of the binary Galois affine space pictured above at top left.

This space is formed by taking symmetric-difference (Galois binary)
sums of the 15 two-element subsets, and identifying any resulting four-
element (or, summing three disjoint two-element subsets, six-element)
subsets with their complements.  This process was described in my note
"The 2-subsets of a 6-set are the points of a PG(3,2)" of May 26, 1986.

The space was later described in the following —

IMAGE- Dolgachev and Keum, coordinatization of the 4x4 array in 'Birational Automorphisms of Quartic Hessian Surfaces,' AMS Transactions, 2002

Monday, April 3, 2017

Even Core

Filed under: General,Geometry — Tags: , — m759 @ 9:16 pm

4x4x4 gray cube

http://www.log24.com/log/pix11A/110625-CubeHypostases.gif

Sunday, March 5, 2017

The Omega Matrix

Filed under: General,Geometry — Tags: — m759 @ 5:00 pm

Richard Evan Schwartz on
the mathematics of the 4×4 square

See also Priority in this journal.

Monday, February 20, 2017

Mathematics and Narrative

Filed under: General,Geometry — Tags: , , — m759 @ 2:40 pm

Mathematics —

Hudson's parametrization of the
4×4 square, published in 1905:

A later parametrization, from this date in 1986:

http://www.log24.com/log/pix11/110220-relativprob.jpg

A note from later in 1986 shows the equivalence of these
two parametrizations:

Narrative —

Posts tagged Memory-History-Geometry.

The mathematically challenged may prefer the narrative of the
Creation Matrix from the religion of the Transformers:

"According to religious legend, the core of the Matrix
was created from Solomus, the god of wisdom,
trapped in the form of a crystal by Mortilus, the god
of death. Following the defeat of Mortilus, Solomus
managed to transform his crystal prison into the Matrix—
a conduit for the energies of Primus, who had himself
transformed into the life-giving computer Vector Sigma."

Saturday, February 18, 2017

Verbum

Filed under: General,Geometry — Tags: , , — m759 @ 3:00 am

The Log24 version  (Nov. 9, 2005, and later posts) —

VERBUM
SAT
SAPIENTI

 

Escher's 'Verbum'

Escher's Verbum


Solomon's Cube

Solomon's Cube
 

I Ching hexagrams as parts of 4x4x4 cube

Geometry of the I Ching

The Warner Brothers version

The Paramount version

See also related material in the previous post, Transformers.

Sunday, January 8, 2017

A Theory of Everything

Filed under: General,Geometry — Tags: , — m759 @ 7:11 pm

The title refers to the Chinese book the I Ching ,
the Classic of Changes .

The 64 hexagrams of the I Ching  may be arranged
naturally in a 4x4x4 cube. The natural form of transformations
("changes") of this cube is given by the diamond theorem.

A related post —

The Eightfold Cube, core structure of the I Ching

Wednesday, January 4, 2017

A Drama of Many Forms

Filed under: General,Geometry — Tags: — m759 @ 1:24 pm

According to art historian Rosalind Krauss in 1979,
the grid's earliest employers

"can be seen to be participating in a drama
that extended well beyond the domain of art.
That drama, which took many forms, was staged
in many places. One of them was a courtroom,
where early in this century, science did battle with God,
and, reversing all earlier precedents, won."

The previous post discussed the 3×3 grid in the context of
Krauss's drama. In memory of T. S. Eliot, who died on this date
in 1965, an image of the next-largest square grid, the 4×4 array:

 

See instances of the above image.

Monday, December 19, 2016

Tetrahedral Cayley-Salmon Model

Filed under: General,Geometry — Tags: , — m759 @ 9:38 am

The figure below is one approach to the exercise
posted here on December 10, 2016.

Tetrahedral model (minus six lines) of the large Desargues configuration

Some background from earlier posts —


IMAGE- Geometry of the Six-Set, Steven H. Cullinane, April 23, 2013

Click the image below to enlarge it.

Polster's tetrahedral model of the small Desargues configuration

Sunday, December 11, 2016

Complexity to Simplicity via Hudson and Rosenhain*

Filed under: General,Geometry — m759 @ 1:20 am

'Desargues via Rosenhain'- April 1, 2013- The large Desargues configuration mapped canonically to the 4x4 square

*The Hudson of the title is the author of Kummer's Quartic Surface  (1905).
The Rosenhain of the title is the author for whom Hudson's 4×4 diagrams
of "Rosenhain tetrads" are named. For the "complexity to simplicity" of
the title, see Roger Fry in the previous post.

Older Posts »

Powered by WordPress