Log24

Saturday, November 30, 2013

For Sean Connery

Filed under: General,Geometry — m759 @ 7:00 pm

On St. Andrew's Day.

A Connery adventure in Kuala Lumpur—

For another Kuala Lumpur adventure, see today's update
to "In Defense of Plato's Realism"—

The July 5, 2007, post linked to
"Plato, Pegasus, and the Evening Star."
For related drama from Kuala Lumpur, see
"Occam's Razor, Plato's Beard."

Waiting for Ogdoad

Filed under: General,Geometry — Tags: , , , — m759 @ 10:30 am

Continued from October 30 (Devil’s Night), 2013.

“In a sense, we would see that change
arises from the structure of the object.”

— Theoretical physicist quoted in a
Simons Foundation article of Sept. 17, 2013

This suggests a review of mathematics and the
Classic of Change ,” the I Ching .

The physicist quoted above was discussing a rather
complicated object. His words apply to a much simpler
object, an embodiment of the eight trigrams underlying
the I Ching  as the corners of a cube.

The Eightfold Cube and its Inner Structure

See also

(Click for clearer image.)

The Cullinane image above illustrates the seven points of
the Fano plane as seven of the eight I Ching  trigrams and as
seven natural ways of slicing the cube.

For a different approach to the mathematics of cube slices,
related to Gauss’s composition law for binary quadratic forms,
see the Bhargava cube  in a post of April 9, 2012.

Friday, November 29, 2013

Odd Facts

Filed under: General — Tags: — m759 @ 7:01 pm

"These are odd facts…." — G. H. Hardy,
quoted in the previous post, "Centered"

Other odd facts:

If is odd, then the object at the center  
of the n×n  square is a square.
Similarly for the n×n×n  cube.

Related meditation:

“In a sense, we would see that change
arises from the structure of the object,” he said.
“But it’s not from the object changing.
The object is basically timeless.”

— Theoretical physicist quoted in a
Simons Foundation article of Sept. 17, 2013,
"A Jewel at the Heart of Quantum Physics"

See also "My God, it's full of… everything."

Centered

Filed under: General — m759 @ 1:00 pm

"I have now come to the most difficult part of my story."

George MacDonald

"265" — Page number and centered square number

"153" — Triangular number (as noted by St. Augustine)

"265/153" — Object Lesson

An accurate description of such number lore:

"These are odd facts, very suitable for puzzle columns
and likely to amuse amateurs, but there is nothing
in them which appeals much to a mathematician.
The proofs are neither difficult nor interesting—
merely a little tiresome. The theorems are not serious;
and it is plain that one reason (though perhaps not the
most important) is the extreme speciality of both the
enunciations and the proofs, which are not capable of
any significant generalization." — G. H. Hardy

See also some remarks on figurate numbers in this journal.

Nothing went wrong at the back of the north wind
Neither was anything quite right, he thought. 
Only everything was going to be right some day….

"What a queer place it must be!"

"It's a very good place."

"Do you want to go back again?"

"No; I don't think I have left it; I feel it here, somewhere."

"Did the people there look pleased?"

"Yes— quite pleased, only a little sad."

"Then they didn't look glad?"

"They looked as if they were waiting to be gladder some day."

George MacDonald

Tale

Filed under: General — m759 @ 11:02 am

For the birth date of C. S. Lewis and Madeleine L'Engle.

THE GOLD KEY

The speaker in this case
is a middle-aged witch, me —
tangled on my two great arms,
my face in a book
and my mouth wide,
ready to tell you a story or two.

Anne Sexton

"Now he believed that where there was a key, there must also be a lock…."

The Brothers Grimm

"We must  find the country from which the shadows come," said Mossy.

"We must, dear Mossy," responded Tangle. "What if your golden key should be the key to it?"

"Ah! that would be grand," returned Mossy.

George MacDonald

Thursday, November 28, 2013

Dark Ladies

Filed under: General — Tags: — m759 @ 1:00 pm

From the cover of Anne Sexton's Transformations

"Her metaphoric strength has never been greater —
really funny, among other things, a dark, dark laughter."
— C. K. Williams

Another dark lady:

See also Karr in this  journal on the date of the above article— 
May 24, 2012, the feast of the  dark lady

Goal

Filed under: General — Tags: , — m759 @ 9:00 am

From "Why Was New Haven Divided into Nine Squares?"

"Of note on the Wadsworth Map of 1748 are…
the Grammar School, the 'Goal' or jail…."

Related material: Puritan in this journal.

Non-Puritans may prefer the following image—

Source: Yale English Department banner

Thanksgiving

Filed under: General — m759 @ 7:00 am

Continued from Deo Gratias , a post at noon last Saturday
that featured blues singer R. L. Burnside.

"It is a fresh spiritual that he defines"
— "An Ordinary Evening in New Haven"

Wednesday, November 27, 2013

The Professor’s Death

Filed under: General — m759 @ 6:00 pm

A Yale death between Saturday night and Sunday morning—

See is not believed to have committed suicide, according to
the New Haven Independent. At this time the professor's death
remains under investigation.

Judicial Department spokeswoman Rhonda Hebert
told the Independent:

Mr. Samuel See was delivered to the
detention center on Nov. 23 at approximately
9:10 p.m. by New Haven Police and was alert
and communicating with Judicial Marshals
throughout his detainment until Marshals
assigned to the detention center found him
non-responsive in his cell at approximately
6 a.m. on Nov. 24.

Huffington Post, 5:40 PM EST today

For St. Fergal O’Neill

Filed under: General — m759 @ 12:00 pm

Also known as Virgil the Geometer.

" Art, in other words, can speak to social conflicts,
and not always how you might think. Yvonne Scott,
a professor here at Trinity College, remarked
before the wake that in 1972 the invention of
Patrick Ireland was 'hard for people to grasp
because for a long while conceptual art wasn’t
understood here.' She added, 'Times have changed.' "

Michael Kimmelman in The New York Times ,
     May 22, 2008

Related art:

The "Square Round" link at the end of the previous post.

A story dated December 16, 2008, from the parish of Shannon.

A post dated December 16, 2008, from this journal.

ART WARS

Filed under: General — m759 @ 10:00 am

Continued from Pensée  (Feb. 10, 2012).*

Nick Paumgarten in The New Yorker  of Dec. 2, 2013—

" When one speaks of Zwirner the gallerist, one is speaking
as much of a handful of women in their forties who have been
with the gallery fifteen or more years. Zwirner has made them
partners, meaning, he says, that they 'will participate in profits
as the gallery does well.' They are Angela Choon, who runs the
London gallery; Hanna Schouwink, from Holland; Bellatrix Hubert,
from France; and Kristine Bell, from outside Buffalo. Seeing them
all together, at an opening or a dinner, brings to mind David
Carradine’s gang of glamorous assassins in 'Kill Bill.' " 

See also the previous post, on An Object of Beauty.

* For some related art, see Square Round.

Object Relation*

Filed under: General — m759 @ 8:00 am

From two posts of June 14, 2013:

http://www.log24.com/log/pix11B/110712-ObjectOfBeauty.jpg

* Click on Lois for the title.

Beans Talk II

Filed under: General — m759 @ 6:14 am

Continued from yesterday afternoon and evening.

To the chief musician :

Que cantaba el Rey David.

Tuesday, November 26, 2013

Confessional

Filed under: General — m759 @ 7:25 pm

In memory of a composer who reportedly died
on Thursday, November 21, 2013:

This journal on that date.

Related material, for mature audiences only, "based on the
confessional poetry of Anne Sexton," from Nov. 8, 2012: 

See also Confessional :   this journal on that  date.

Beans Talk

Filed under: General — m759 @ 1:01 pm

Peter Keepnews on the late jazz musician Chico Hamilton:

"He was a charter member of the baritone saxophonist
Gerry Mulligan’s quartet, which helped lay the groundwork
for the cool movement. His own quintet, which he formed
shortly after leaving the Mulligan group, came to be
regarded as the quintessence of cool." 

Example: a recording uploaded on October 27, 2013,
and this journal on that date.

Related material: Working Backward.

Edward Frenkel, Your Order Is Ready.

Filed under: General — Tags: , — m759 @ 11:00 am

Backstory: Frenkel's Metaphors and Waitressing for Godot.

In a recent vulgarized presentation of the Langlands program,
Edward Frenkel implied that number theory and harmonic
analysis were, before Langlands came along, quite unrelated.

This is false.

"If we think of different fields of mathematics as continents,
then number theory would be like North America and
harmonic analysis like Europe." 

Edward Frenkel, Love and Math , 2013

For a discussion of pre-Langlands connections between 
these "continents," see

Ding!

"Fourier Analysis in Number Theory, my senior thesis, under the advisory of Patrick Gallagher.

This thesis contains no original research, but is instead a compilation of results from analytic
number theory that involve Fourier analysis. These include quadratic reciprocity (one of 200+
published proofs), Dirichlet's theorem on primes in arithmetic progression, and Weyl's criterion.
There is also a function field analogue of Fermat's Last Theorem. The presentation of the
material is completely self-contained."

Shanshan Ding, University of Pennsylvania graduate student

Waitressing for Godot

Filed under: General — m759 @ 10:00 am

Suggested by a theater review titled "Filling the Existential Void."


Companion piece: A Poem for Pinter.

Monday, November 25, 2013

Voilà

Filed under: General — m759 @ 8:40 pm

"Waiting for Ogdoad" continues

"You want Frye's with that?" — A recent humanities graduate.

 Frye's backstory:  Ogdoad.

 Other material suggested by the previous post and by the time of this  post
 No Man's Land,  Gods and Monsters,  and Forty and Eight.

Into the Bereshit*

Filed under: General — m759 @ 7:11 pm

IMAGE- 'Filling the Existential Void'

From a slide show of Pinter's "No Man's Land"

 * Footnotes on the title—

For Hirst:  Wikipedia.
For Spooner:  Into the Woods.

For the groundlings: Urban Dictionary.

A Tune for Josefine*

Filed under: General — m759 @ 12:00 pm

From the New York Times  obituary of philanthropist
Fred Kavli, who died on Thursday, November 21

” In 2005, when Mr. Kavli announced that
he planned to start the prizes, he recalled
skiing in the Norwegian mountains as a boy.

‘At times,’ he told a gathering in New York,
‘the whole sky was aflame with the Northern Lights
shifting and dancing across the sky down to the
white-clad mountaintops. In the stillness and
loneliness of the white mountains, I pondered the
universe, the planet, nature and the wonders of
man. I’m still pondering.’ “

“And we may see the meadow in December, icy white
and crystalline….” — Johnny Mercer, lyrics to Lionel
Hampton and Sonny Burke’s “Midnight Sun

* Lyche

Windows

Filed under: General — m759 @ 11:22 am

Ben Brantley reviewing a show by the X-Men patriarchs
that opened on Sunday:

"This isn’t just a matter of theatergoers chuckling
to show that they’re smart and cultured and had
damn well better be having a good time after
forking out all that money…."

I prefer reality (which includes the life of Fred Kavli:

See also Saturday's posts Chess and Frame Tale.

Whether the patriarch Kavli, pictured above, is now having
a good time, I do not know. I hope so.

Pythagoras Wannabe*

Filed under: General,Geometry — Tags: — m759 @ 10:10 am

A scholium on the link to Pythagoras
in this morning's previous post Figurate Numbers:

For related number mysticism, see Chapter 8, "Magic Numbers,"
in Love and Math: The Heart of Hidden Reality
by Edward Frenkel (Basic Books, Oct. 1, 2013).

(Click for clearer image.)

See also Frenkel's Metaphors in this journal. 

* The wannabe of the title is of course not Langlands, but Frenkel.

Figurate Numbers

Filed under: General,Geometry — Tags: — m759 @ 8:28 am

The title refers to a post from July 2012:

IMAGE- Squares, triangles, and figurate numbers

The above post, a new description of a class of figurate
numbers that has been studied at least since Pythagoras,
shows that the "triangular numbers" of tradition are not
the only  triangular numbers.

"Thus the theory of description matters most. 
It is the theory of the word for those 
For whom the word is the making of the world…." 

— Wallace Stevens, "Description Without Place"

See also Finite Relativity (St. Cecilia's Day, 2012).

Sunday, November 24, 2013

Galois Groups and Harmonic Analysis

Filed under: General,Geometry — Tags: , , — m759 @ 9:29 am

“In 1967, he [Langlands] came up with revolutionary
insights tying together the theory of Galois groups
and another area of mathematics called harmonic
analysis. These two areas, which seem light years
apart
, turned out to be closely related.”

— Edward Frenkel, Love and Math, 2013

“Class field theory expresses Galois groups of
abelian extensions of a number field F
in terms of harmonic analysis on the
multiplicative group of [a] locally compact
topological ring, the adèle ring, attached to F.”

— Michael Harris in a description of a Princeton
mathematics department talk of October 2012

Related material: a Saturday evening post.

See also Wikipedia on the history of class field theory.
For greater depth, see Tate’s [1950] thesis and the book
Fourier Analysis on Number Fields .

Logic for Jews*

The search for 1984 at the end of last evening’s post
suggests the following Sunday meditation.

My own contribution to this genre—

A triangle-decomposition result from 1984:

American Mathematical Monthly ,  June-July 1984, p. 382

MISCELLANEA, 129

Triangles are square

“Every triangle consists of n  congruent copies of itself”
is true if and only if  is a square. (The proof is trivial.)
— Steven H. Cullinane

The Orwell slogans are false. My own is not.

* The “for Jews” of the title applies to some readers of Edward Frenkel.

Saturday, November 23, 2013

Light Years Apart?

Filed under: General,Geometry — Tags: , , — m759 @ 9:00 pm

From a recent attempt to vulgarize the Langlands program:

“Galois’ work is a great example of the power of a mathematical insight….

And then, 150 years later, Langlands took these ideas much farther. In 1967, he came up with revolutionary insights tying together the theory of Galois groups and another area of mathematics called harmonic analysis. These two areas, which seem light years apart, turned out to be closely related.

— Frenkel, Edward (2013-10-01).
Love and Math: The Heart of Hidden Reality
(p. 78, Basic Books, Kindle Edition)

(Links to related Wikipedia articles have been added.)

Wikipedia on the Langlands program

The starting point of the program may be seen as Emil Artin’s reciprocity law [1924-1930], which generalizes quadratic reciprocity. The Artin reciprocity law applies to a Galois extension of algebraic number fields whose Galois group is abelian, assigns L-functions to the one-dimensional representations of this Galois group; and states that these L-functions are identical to certain Dirichlet L-series or more general series (that is, certain analogues of the Riemann zeta function) constructed from Hecke characters. The precise correspondence between these different kinds of L-functions constitutes Artin’s reciprocity law.

For non-abelian Galois groups and higher-dimensional representations of them, one can still define L-functions in a natural way: Artin L-functions.

The insight of Langlands was to find the proper generalization of Dirichlet L-functions, which would allow the formulation of Artin’s statement in this more general setting.

From “An Elementary Introduction to the Langlands Program,” by Stephen Gelbart (Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society, New Series , Vol. 10, No. 2, April 1984, pp. 177-219)

On page 194:

“The use of group representations in systematizing and resolving diverse mathematical problems is certainly not new, and the subject has been ably surveyed in several recent articles, notably [ Gross and Mackey ]. The reader is strongly urged to consult these articles, especially for their reformulation of harmonic analysis as a chapter in the theory of group representations.

In harmonic analysis, as well as in the theory of automorphic forms, the fundamental example of a (unitary) representation is the so-called ‘right regular’ representation of G….

Our interest here is in the role representation theory has played in the theory of automorphic forms.* We focus on two separate developments, both of which are eventually synthesized in the Langlands program, and both of which derive from the original contributions of Hecke already described.”

Gross ]  K. I. Gross, On the evolution of non-commutative harmonic analysis . Amer. Math. Monthly 85 (1978), 525-548.

Mackey ]  G. Mackey, Harmonic analysis as the exploitation of symmetry—a historical survey . Bull. Amer. Math. Soc. (N.S.) 3 (1980), 543-698.

* A link to a related Math Overflow article has been added.

In 2011, Frenkel published a commentary in the A.M.S. Bulletin  
on Gelbart’s Langlands article. The commentary, written for
a mathematically sophisticated audience, lacks the bold
(and misleading) “light years apart” rhetoric from his new book
quoted above.

In the year the Gelbart article was published, Frenkel was
a senior in high school. The year was 1984.

For some remarks of my own that mention
that year, see a search for 1984 in this journal.

Deo Gratias

Filed under: General — Tags: — m759 @ 12:00 pm

See also R. L. Burnside in this journal (Sept. 2, 2005).

Rabbi

Filed under: General — Tags: — m759 @ 11:00 am

“We’ll give the week-end to wisdom, to Weisheit, the rabbi….”

— Wallace Stevens in “Things of August” (see Storyville yesterday)

My choice for a rabbi would be George Steiner.

INTERVIEWER

You once referred to the “patience of apprehension” and “open-endedness of asking” which fiction can enact, and yet you have described your fictions as “allegories of argument, stagings of ideas.” Do you still consider them to be “stagings of ideas”?

GEORGE STEINER

Very much so. My writing of fiction comes under a very general heading of those teachers, critics, scholars who like to try their own hand once or twice in their lives.

The Paris Review, Winter 1995

For one such staging, see today’s earlier posts Chess and Frame Tale.

Frame Tale (continued)

Filed under: General — Tags: — m759 @ 10:30 am

See The X-Men Tree,  another tree,  and Trinity MOG.

Chess

Filed under: General — Tags: — m759 @ 9:29 am

Norwegian, 22, Takes World Chess Title

Quoted here on Thursday, the date of Kavli‘s death:

Herbert Mitgang’s New York Times 
obituary of Cleanth Brooks

“The New Critics advocated close reading of literary texts
and detailed analysis, concentrating on semantics, meter,
imagery, metaphor and symbol as well as references to
history, biography and cultural background.”

See also Steiner, Chess, and Death.

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