For some background on the PG(5,2) addition table, see Nocciolo .
The recent URL cubebrick.space forwards to . . .
http://m759.net/wordpress/?tag=brick-space.
The web posts so tagged are, as one would expect,
NOT in the Harvard Library system. I was therefore
somewhat surprised to see the following popup today —
Clicking on the "Get article" link yields . . .
This metadata is actually quite helpful, as the cited article
does, in fact, give good references for what I have called,
using a term from the "Miracle Octad Generator" of R. T. Curtis,
"brick space" — the finite projective space PG(5,2).
The Miracle Octad Generator (MOG) of R. T. Curtis —
Grok 3 beta, 12:56 AM ET Feb. 18, 2025 — The diagram you've provided from the webpage titled "The Yellow Brick Road to the Miracle Octad Generator; with Conwell's Heptads" illustrates the concept of "brick space" within the context of projective geometry, specifically PG(5,2), which is the 5-dimensional projective space over the field with 2 elements (GF(2)). Here's a detailed breakdown based on the image: Diagram Explanation:
Components of the Diagram:
|
For some remarks by Grok 3 beta made before it saw the
"yellow brick" diagram, see a PDF of prompts and responses.
This post's "Points with Parts" title may serve as an introduction to
what has been called "the most powerful diagram in mathematics" —
the "Miracle Octad Generator" (MOG) of Robert T. Curtis.
Curtis himself has apparently not written on the geometric background
of his diagram — the finite projective spaces PG(5,2) and PG(3,2), of
five and of three dimensions over the two-element Galois field GF(2).
The component parts of the MOG diagram, the 2×4 Curtis "bricks,"
may be regarded* as forming both PG(5,2) and PG(3,2) . . .
Pace Euclid, points with parts. For more on the MOG's geometric
background, see the Klein correspondence in the previous post.
For a simpler example of "points with parts, see
http://m759.net/wordpress/?s=200229.
* Use the notions of Galois (XOR, or "symmetric-difference") addition
of even subsets, and such addition "modulo complementation," to
decrease the number of dimensions of the spaces involved.
See also a more accurate AI report from January 9, 2025 —
HTML version, with corrections, of the above 9 January Grok 2 report —
Grok 2: Klein Correspondence and MOG, 9 Jan. 2025 . . . The Klein correspondence is closely related to the Miracle Octad Generator (MOG) through the mathematical structure they both engage with, particularly in the context of finite geometry and combinatorics.
Klein Correspondence: This refers to a mathematical framework that establishes a correspondence between Miracle Octad Generator (MOG): Introduced by R.T. Curtis, the MOG is a tool used in the study of the Mathieu group M24, the binary Golay code, and related structures like the Steiner system S(5,8,24). It consists of a 4×6 array where the positions are used to construct octads (sets of 8 elements) from given sets of 5 elements, reflecting the structure of the Steiner system. Relation Between Klein Correspondence and MOG:
Thus, the Klein correspondence serves as a foundational link that allows the MOG to operate by translating combinatorial problems into geometric ones, facilitating the study of complex mathematical structures like the Mathieu groups and Steiner systems. * Correction: Should be "a correspondence between points in a five-dimensional projective space and lines in a three-dimensional projective space." |
Update of ca. 9 AM ET Monday, Feb. 10, 2024 —
Neither AI report above mentions the Cullinane model of the five-
dimensional projective space PG(5,2) as a brick space — a space
whose points are the 2×4 bricks used in thte MOG. This is
understandable, as the notion of using bricks to model both PG(5,2)
and PG(3,2) has appeared so far only in this journal. See an
illustration from New Year's Eve . . . Dec. 31, 2024 —
Peter J. Cameron today presented in his weblog an excerpt
from Aldous Huxley's The Perennial Philosophy .
Another such excerpt —
"Taking words as the measure of things, instead of using
things as the measure of words, Hume imposed the discrete
and, so to say, pointilliste pattern of language upon the
continuum of actual experience — with the impossibly
paradoxical results with which we are all familiar. Most human
beings are not philosophers and care not at all for consistency
in thought or action. Thus, in some circumstances they take it
for granted that events are not 'loose and separate,' but coexist
or follow one another within the organized and organizing field
of a cosmic whole. But on other occasions, where the opposite
view is more nearly in accord with their passions or interests,
they adopt, all unconsciously, the Humian position and treat events
as though they were as independent of one another and the rest
of the world as the words by which they are symbolized. This is
generally true of all occurrences involving 'I,' 'me,' 'mine.'
Reifying the 'loose and separate' names, we regard the things as
also loose and separate — not subject to law, not involved in the
network of relationships, by which in fact they are so obviously
bound up with their physical, social and spiritual environment."
— Aldous Huxley, The Perennial Philosophy , on p. 156 of the
1947 Chatto & Windus (London) edition.
Those in search of an "organized and organizing field" might
consider the Galois field GF(64) — as embodied in the Chinese
classic I Ching … or, more recently, in the finite geometry PG(5,2) —
the natural habitat of the R. T. Curtis Miracle Octad Generator.
Ron Shaw in "Configurations of planes in PG(5,2)" . . .
"There are some rather weird things happening here."
Related entertainment — The Yarrow Stalker .
The Klein quadric as background for the Miracle Octad Generator of R. T. Curtis —
See also Saniga on heptads in this journal.
My Windows 11 lockscreen tonight —
"Tulip mania swept this land way back in the 17th century . . . ."
Some historical background —
The natural geometric setting for the "bricks" in the Miracle Octad Generator
(MOG) of Robert T. Curtis is PG(5,2), the projective 5-space over GF(2).
The Klein correspondence mirrors the 35 lines of PG(3,2) — and hence, via the
graphic approach below, the 35 "heavy bricks" of the MOG that match those
lines — in PG(5,2), where the bricks may be studied with geometric methods,
as an alternative to Curtis's original MOG combinatorial construction methods.
The construction below of a PG(5,2) brick space is analogous to the
"line diagrams" construction of a PG(3,2) in Cullinane's diamond theorem.
"The byte is a unit of digital information that most commonly consists of eight bits. … Historically, the byte was the number of bits used to encode a single character of text in a computer and for this reason it is the smallest addressable unit of memory in many computer architectures." — Wikipedia |
Compare and contrast —
From 1989 . . .
From 2024 . . .
Exercise: The eight-part diagrams in the graphic "brick space"
model of PG(5,2) below need to be suitably labeled with six-part
GF(2) coordinates to help illustrate the Klein correspondence that
underlies the large Mathieu group M24.
A possible approach: The lines separating dark squares from light
(i.e., blue from white or yellow) in the figure above may be added
in XOR fashion (as if they were diamond theorem line diagrams)
to form a six dimensional vector space, which, after a suitable basis
is chosen, may be represented by six-tuples of 0's and 1's.
Related reading —
log24.com/log24/241221-'Brick Space « Log24' – m759.net.pdf .
This is a large (15.1 MB) file. The Foxit PDF reader is recommended.
The PDF is from a search for Brick Space in this journal.
Some context: http://m759.net/wordpress/?s=Weyl+Coordinatization.
"Drawing the same face from different angles sounds fun,
but let me tell you – it’s not. It’s not fun at all. It’s HARD!!"
— Loisvb on Instagram, Dec. 18, 2024
Likewise for PG(5,2).
Exercise: The eight-part diagrams in the graphic "brick space"
model of PG(5,2) below need to be suitably labeled with six-part
GF(2) coordinates to help illustrate the Klein correspondence that
underlies the large Mathieu group M24.
The structures of the title are the even subsets of a six-set and of
an eight-set, viewed modulo set complementation.
The "Brick Space" model of PG(5,2) —
For the M24 relationship between these spaces, of 15 and of 63 points,
see G. M. Conwell's 1910 paper "The 3-Space PG (3,2) and Its Group,"
as well as Conwell heptads in this journal.
My own interests tend towards . . . not BRICS, but bricks —
I look forward to the November publication of . . .
Compare and Contrast
A rearranged illustration from . . .
R. T. Curtis, "A New Combinatorial Approach to M24 ,"
Mathematical Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society ,
Volume 79 , Issue 1 , January 1976 , pp. 25 – 42
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0305004100052075 —
The "Brick Space" model of PG(5,2) —
Background: See "Conwell heptads" on the Web.
See as well Nocciolo in this journal and . . .
— De Bruyn, Bart. “Quadratic Sets on the Klein Quadric.”
JOURNAL OF COMBINATORIAL THEORY SERIES A,
vol. 190, 2022, doi:10.1016/j.jcta.2022.105635.
Related material —
Log24 on Wednesday, July 3, 2024: "The Nutshell Miracle" . . .
In particular, within that post, my own 2019 "nutshell" diagram of PG(5,2):
PG(5,2)
From a search in this journal for nocciolo —
From a search in this journal for PG(5,2) —
From a search in this journal for Curtis MOG —
Shown above is a rearranged version of the
Miracle Octad Generator (MOG) of R. T. Curtis
("A new combinatorial approach to M24,"
Math. Proc. Camb. Phil. Soc., 79 (1976), 25-42.)
From a search in this journal for Klein Correspondence —
The picture of PG(5,2) above as an expanded nocciolo
shows that the Miracle Octad Generator illustrates
the Klein correspondence.
Update of 10:33 PM ET Friday, July 5, 2024 —
See the July 5 post "De Bruyn on the Klein Quadric."
See “Einstein on Acid” by Stephen Battersby
(New Scientist , Vol. 180, issue 2426 — 20 Dec. 2003, 40-43).
That 2003 article is about some speculations of Metod Saniga.
“Saniga is not a professional mystic or
a peddler of drugs, he is an astrophysicist
at the Slovak Academy of Sciences in Bratislava.
It seems unlikely that studying stars led him to
such a way-out view of space and time. Has he
undergone a drug-induced epiphany, or a period
of mental instability? ‘No, no, no,’ Saniga says,
‘I am a perfectly sane person.'”
Some more recent and much less speculative remarks by Saniga
are related to the Klein correspondence —
arXiv.org > math > arXiv:1409.5691:
Mathematics > Combinatorics
[Submitted on 17 Sep 2014]
The Complement of Binary Klein Quadric
as a Combinatorial Grassmannian
By Metod Saniga
“Given a hyperbolic quadric of PG(5,2), there are 28 points
off this quadric and 56 lines skew to it. It is shown that the
(286,563)-configuration formed by these points and lines
is isomorphic to the combinatorial Grassmannian of type
G2(8). It is also pointed out that a set of seven points of
G2(8) whose labels share a mark corresponds to a
Conwell heptad of PG(5,2). Gradual removal of Conwell
heptads from the (286,563)-configuration yields a nested
sequence of binomial configurations identical with part of
that found to be associated with Cayley-Dickson algebras
(arXiv:1405.6888).”
Related entertainment —
See Log24 on the date, 17 Sept. 2014, of Saniga’s Klein-quadric article:
Just as
the finite space PG(3,2) is
the geometry of the 6-set, so is
the finite space PG(5,2)
the geometry of the 8-set.*
Selah.
* Consider, for the 6-set, the 32
(16, modulo complementation)
0-, 2-, 4-, and 6-subsets,
and, for the 8-set, the 128
(64, modulo complementation)
0-, 2-, 4-, 6-, and 8-subsets.
Update of 11:02 AM ET the same day:
See also Eightfold Geometry, a note from 2010.
The title refers to that of the previous post, "The Imaginarium."
In memory of a translator who reportedly died on May 22, 2017,
a passage quoted here on that date —
Related material — A paragraph added on March 15, 2017,
to the Wikipedia article on Galois geometry —
George Conwell gave an early demonstration of Galois geometry in 1910 when he characterized a solution of Kirkman's schoolgirl problem as a partition of sets of skew lines in PG(3,2), the three-dimensional projective geometry over the Galois field GF(2).[3] Similar to methods of line geometry in space over a field of characteristic 0, Conwell used Plücker coordinates in PG(5,2) and identified the points representing lines in PG(3,2) as those on the Klein quadric. — User Rgdboer |
“Charting the Real Four-Qubit Pauli Group
via Ovoids of a Hyperbolic Quadric of PG(7,2),”
by Metod Saniga, Péter Lévay and Petr Pracna,
arXiv:1202.2973v2 [math-ph] 26 Jun 2012 —
P. 4— “It was found that Q +(5,2) (the Klein quadric)
has, up to isomorphism, a unique one — also known,
after its discoverer, as a Conwell heptad [18].
The set of 28 points lying off Q +(5,2) comprises
eight such heptads, any two having exactly one
point in common.”
P. 11— “This split reminds us of a similar split of
63 points of PG(5,2) into 35/28 points lying on/off
a Klein quadric Q +(5,2).”
[18] G. M. Conwell, Ann. Math. 11 (1910) 60–76
A similar split occurs in yesterday’s Kummer Varieties post.
See the 63 = 28 + 35 vectors of R8 discussed there.
For more about Conwell heptads, see The Klein Correspondence,
Penrose Space-Time, and a Finite Model.
For my own remarks on the date of the above arXiv paper
by Saniga et. al., click on the image below —
Walter Gropius
(Continued from April 23, 2009, and February 13, 2010.)
Paul Valéry as quoted in yesterday’s post:
“The S[elf] is invariant, origin, locus or field, it’s a functional property of consciousness” (Cahiers, 15:170 [2: 315])
The geometric example discussed here yesterday as a Self symbol may seem too small to be really impressive. Here is a larger example from the Chinese, rather than European, tradition. It may be regarded as a way of representing the Galois field GF(64). (“Field” is a rather ambiguous term; here it does not, of course, mean what it did in the Valéry quotation.)
From Geometry of the I Ching—
The above 64 hexagrams may also be regarded as
the finite affine space AG(6,2)— a larger version
of the finite affine space AG(4,2) in yesterday’s post.
That smaller space has a group of 322,560 symmetries.
The larger hexagram space has a group of
1,290,157,424,640 affine symmetries.
From a paper on GL(6,2), the symmetry group
of the corresponding projective space PG(5,2),*
which has 1/64 as many symmetries—
For some narrative in the European tradition
related to this geometry, see Solomon’s Cube.
* Update of July 29, 2011: The “PG(5,2)” above is a correction from an earlier error.
The above is six-dimensional as an affine space, but only five-dimensional
as a projective space . . . the space PG(5, 2).
As the domain of the smallest model of the Klein correspondence and the
Klein quadric, PG (5,2) is not without mathematical importance.
See Chess Bricks and Ovid.group.
This post was suggested by the date July 6, 2024 in a Warren, PA obituary
and by that date in this journal.
“… And so each venture Is a new beginning,
a raid on the inarticulate….”
— T. S. Eliot, “East Coker V” in Four Quartets
arXiv:1409.5691v1 [math.CO] 17 Sep 2014
The Complement of Binary Klein Quadric as
Metod Saniga, Abstract
Given a hyperbolic quadric of PG(5, 2), there are 28 points off this quadric and 56 lines skew to it. It is shown that the Keywords:
Combinatorial Grassmannian − |
See also this journal on the above date — 17 September 2014.
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