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Saturday, October 24, 2020

Grids

Filed under: General — Tags: — m759 @ 9:00 am

Wikipedia on what has been called “the doily” —

“The smallest non-trivial generalized quadrangle
is GQ(2,2), whose representation* has been dubbed
‘the doily’ by Stan Payne in 1973.”

A later publication relates the doily to grids.

From Finite Generalized Quadrangles , by Stanley E. Payne
and J. A. Thas, December 1983, at researchgate.net, pp. 81-82—

“Then the lines … define a 3×3 grid G  (i.e. a grid
consisting of 9 points and 6 lines).”
. . . .
“So we have shown that the grid G  can completed [sic ]
in a unique way to a grid with 8 lines and 16 points.”
. . . .
“A 4×4 grid defines a linear subspace
of  the 2−(64,4,1) design, i.e. a 4×4 grid
together with the affine lines on it is AG(2,4).”

A more graphic approach from this journal —

Seven is Heaven...

Click the image for further details.

* This wording implies that GQ(2,2) has a unique
visual representation. It does not. See inscape .

Tuesday, August 16, 2005

Tuesday August 16, 2005

Filed under: General — m759 @ 12:07 pm

Narrative and Latin Squares

From The Independent, 15 August 2005:

“Millions of people now enjoy Sudoku puzzles. Forget the pseudo-Japanese baloney: sudoku grids are a version of the Latin Square created by the great Swiss mathematician Leonhard Euler in the late 18th century.”

The Independent
was discussing the conference on “Mathematics and Narrative” at Mykonos in July.

From the Wikipedia article on Latin squares:

“The popular Sudoku puzzles are a special case of Latin squares; any solution to a Sudoku puzzle is a Latin square. Sudoku imposes the additional restriction that 3×3 subgroups must also contain the digits 1–9 (in the standard version).

The Diamond 16 Puzzle illustrates a generalized concept of Latin-square orthogonality: that of “orthogonal squares” (Diamond Theory, 1976) or “orthogonal matrices”– orthogonal, that is, in a combinatorial, not a linear-algebra sense (A. E. Brouwer, 1991).”

This last paragraph, added to Wikipedia on Aug. 14,  may or may not survive the critics there.

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